Study the bio-potential parameter for the detection of seismic and environmental changes in Indian region

Rudraksh Tiwari; Vijay S Katta; Vinod Kuumar Kushwah; Mulayam Singh Gaur; Priti Dimri

doi:10.24294/jgc.v4i2.765

Study the bio-potential parameter for the detection of seismic and environmental changes in Indian region

Rudraksh Tiwari, Vijay S Katta, Vinod Kuumar Kushwah, Mulayam Singh Gaur, Priti Dimri

Article ID: 765
Vol 4, Issue 2, 2021

VIEWS - 325 (Abstract) 695 (PDF)

Abstract

The changes the magnetic flux generated (electric, magnetic and electromagnetic waves) on the surface of earth due to sudden changes is a matter of discussion. These emissions occur along the fault line generated due to geological and tectonic processes. When sudden changes occur in the environment due to seismic and atmospheric variations, these sensing was observed by creatures and human bodies because the animals and trees adopt the abnormal signals and change the behavior. We have analyzed the changing behavior of recorded signal by live sensors (i.e., banyan tree). So we use the deep-rooted and long-aged banyan tree. The root of banyan tree (long-aged) has been working as a live sensor to record the geological and environmental changes. We record the low frequency signals propagated through solar-terrestrial environment which directly affect the root system of the banyan tree and changes that have been observed by live sensors. Then, very low frequency (VLF) signal may propagate to the earth-ionosphere waveguide. We have also analyzed the different parameters of live cells which is inbuilt in latex of the tree, so we record the dielectric parameters of green stem latex and found some parameters i.e., dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss (ε’) of various trees to verify these natural hazards and found good correlation. Therefore, we can say by regularly monitoring the bio-potential signal and dielectric properties of banyan tree and we are able to find the precursory signature of seismic hazards and environmental changes.

Keywords

Dielectric Constant; Dielectric Loss; Earthquake; Latex; Seismo-electromagnetics

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Fraser-Smith AC, Bernardi A, Mc Gill PR, et al. Low-frequency magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of the Ms 7.1 Loma-Prieta earthquake. Geophysical Research Letters 1990; 17(9): 1465–1468.

2. Fraser-Smith AC, Mc Gill PR, Helliwell RA, et al. Ultra-low frequency magnetic field measurements in southern California during the Northridge Earthquake of 17 January 1994. Geophysical Research Letters 1994; 21(20): 2195–2198.

3. Hayakawa M, Itoh T, Hattori K, et al. ULF electromagnetic precursors for an earthquake at Biak, Indonesia on February 17, 1996. Geophysical Research Letters 2000; 27(10): 1531–1534. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL005432.

4. Varotsos P, Alexopolous K. Physical properties of the variations in the electric field of the earth preceding earthquakes. Tectonophysics 1987; 136(3-4): 335–339.

5. Gokhberg MB, Gufeld IL, Rozhnoy AA, et al. Study of seismic influence on the ionosphere by super long-wave probing of the earth-ionosphere waveguide.” Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1989; 57(1-2): 64–67.

6. Molchanov OA, Hayakawa M. On the generation mechanism of ULF seismogenic electromagnetic emissions. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1998; 105(3-4): 201–210.

7. Galprin YI, Hayakawa M. On the magnetospheric effects of experimental ground explosions observed from AUREOL-3. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity 1996; 48(10): 1241–1263.

8. Parrot M, Mogilevsky MM. VLF emissions associated with earthquake observed in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 1989; 57(12): 86–99.

9. Park SK, Johnson MJS, Madden TR, et al. Electro-magnetic precursors to earthquakes in ULF band: A review of observations and mechanism. Reviews of Geophysics 1993; 31(2): 117–132.

10. Molchanov OA, Hayakawa M. Generation of ULF electromagnetic emission by microfracturing. Geo-physical Research Letters 1995; 22(22): 3091–3094.

11. Benardi A, Fraser-Smith AC, McGill PR, et al. ULF magnetic field measurements near the epicenter of the Ms 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake. Physics of the Earth and Planetary 1991; 68(1-2): 45–63.

12. Gufeld IL, Gusev G, Pokhhotelov O. Is the prediction of earthquake data possible by VLF radio wave monitoring method? In: Electromagnetic phenomena related to earthquake prediction. Tokyo: TERRAPUB; 1994. p. 381.

13. Hayakawa M, Molchanov OA, Ondoh T, et al. On the precursory signature of Kobe earthquake on VLF subionospheric signal. Proceedings of International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility; 1997. p. 72–75. doi: 10.1109/ELMAGC.1997.617080.

14. Kopytenko Y, Ismagilov V, Hayakawa M, et al. Investigation of the ULF electromagnetic phenomena related to earthquake: contemporary achievements and the perspectives. Annali Di Geophysica 2001; 44(2): 325–334.

15. Ramasamy S, Moghtaderi B. Dielectric properties of typical Australian wood-based biomass materials at microwave frequency. Journal of Energy Fuels 2010; 24(12): 4534–4548.

16. Salema AA, Yeow YK, Ishaque K, et al. Dielectric properties and microwave heating of oil palm biomass and biochar. Industrial Crop Production 2013; 50: 366–374.

17. Omar R, Idris A, Yunus R, et al. Characterization of empty fruit bunch for microwave-assisted pyrolysis. Fuel 2011; 90(4): 1536–1544.

18. Husein I, Sadiyo S, Nugroho N, et al. Electrical properties of Indonesian hardwood. Case study: Acacia mangium, swietenia macrophylla and maesopsis eminii. Wood Research 2014; 59(4): 695–704.

19. Motasemi F, Afzal MT, Salema AA, et al. Microwave dielectric characterization of switchgrass for bioenergy and biofuel. Fuel 2014; 124: 151–157.

20. Gaur MS, Tiwari RK, Shukla P, et al. Thermally stimulated current analysis in human blood. Trends in Biomaterials and Artificial Organs 2007; 21(1): 8–13.

21. Ahmad Z. Polymeric dielectric materials. Dielectric Material 2012; 3–26. doi: https://10.5772/50638.

22. Arora BR, Singh BP. Himalayan seismicity. In: Gupta HK, Gupta GD (editors). Bangalore: Memoir; 1992. p. 23, 223.

23. Tsarev VA, Sasaki V. Low frequency seismogenic electromagnetic radiation: How does it propagate in earth’s crust and where it can be detected? In: Hayakawa M (editor). Atmospheric and ionospheric electromagnetic phenomena associated with earthquakes. Tokyo: Terra Scientific Publishing Co.; 1999. p. 383.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc.v4i2.765