This special issue explores the intricate relationship between hate speech, democratic values, and the impact of disinformation on youth in contemporary societies. In a rapidly digitizing world, the spread of hate speech and disinformation threatens to undermine democratic principles and social cohesion, particularly among young populations who are active consumers and contributors to online content.

The special issue aims to:

· Examine the sources and drivers of hate speech and disinformation.

· Investigate their effects on political participation, societal polarization, and trust in democratic institutions.

· Analyze youth perceptions and responses to these phenomena, including their role in perpetuating or combating harmful narratives.

· Propose actionable strategies for educators, policymakers, and civil society to counteract hate speech and disinformation while fostering inclusive democratic engagement.

Through interdisciplinary research and case studies, the issue offers a comprehensive understanding of these pressing challenges and explores innovative solutions for empowering youth to become agents of positive change.

Hate Speech; Democracy; Youth; Disinformation; Social Media; Political Polarization; Civic Engagement; Digital Literacy; Media Ethics; Democratic Resilience