Abstract ZrO 2  thin film samples were produced by the sol-gel dip coating method. Four different absorbed dose levels (such as ~ 0.4, 0.7, 1.2 and 2.7 Gray-Gy) were applied to ZrO 2  thin films. Hence ,  the absorbed dose of ZrO 2  thin film was examined as physical dose quantity representing the mean energy imparted to the thin film per unit mass by gamma radiation. Modification of the grain size was performed sensitively by the application of the absorbed dose to the ZrO 2  thin film. Therefore the grain size reached from ~50 nm to 87 nm at the irradiated ZrO 2  thin film. The relationship of the grain size, the contact angle, and the refractive index of the irradiated ZrO 2  thin film was investigated as being an important technical concern. The irradiation process was performed in a hot cell by using a certified solid gamma ray source with 0.018021 Ci as an alternative technique to minimize the utilization of extra toxicological chemical solution. Antireflection and hydrophilic properties of the irradiated ZrO 2  thin film were slightly improved by the modification of the grain size. The details on the optical and structural properties of the ZrO 2  thin film were examined to obtain the optimum high refractive index, self-cleaning and anti - reflective properties.

Abstract I n this paper, electrically conductive composites comprised of silicone rubber and titanium diboride (TiB 2 ) were synthesized by conventional mixing methods. Fine particles of TiB 2  (in micron size) and 10 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr) proportion of carbon black (XC-72) were used to make the composites with HTV silicone rubber. The composites were cured at appropriate temperature and pressure and the effect on the electrical properties was studied. The resistance of the silicone rubber is ~ 10 15 Ω which decreases to 1–2 kΩ in case of composites with negligible effect of heat ageing. The hardness increases by ~ 35% simultaneous to the decrease of ~ 47% in the tensile strength. Morphological characterization indicates the homogeneous dispersion of the fillers in the composite.

Abstract The problem of the synthesis of new type nanomaterials in the form of nano - coatings with sub - nanometric heterogeneity has been formulated. It has been presented an analysis of influences of physical vapor deposition in ultrahigh vacuum on the process of intermixing a film with a substrate, including the results, which has been obtained under the formation of transition metal – silicon interface. The generalization of the obtained experimental results develop s  an approach to the development of new nano - coatings with low-dimensional heterogeneity. The principles of constructing such low-dimensional nano - coatings, their properties and possible applications are considered. 

Abstract This review provided a detailed overview of the different synthesis and characterization methods of polymeric nanoparticles. Nanoparticles are defined as solid and colloidal particles of macromolecular substances ranging in size under 100 nm. Different t y pe s  of nanoparticles are used in many biological fields (bio-sensing, biological separation, molecular imaging, anticancer therapy, etc.). The new features and functions provided by  nano dimensions are largely different from their bulk forms. High volume/surface ratio, improved resolution and multifunctional capability make these materials gain many new features. 

Abstract Lead halide perovskites are the new rising generation of semiconductor materials due to their unique optical and electrical properties. The investigation of the interaction of halide perovskites and light is a key issue not only for understanding their photophysics but also for practical applications. Hence, tremendous efforts have been devoted to this topic and brunch into two: (i) decomposition of the halide perovskites thin films under light illumination ; and (ii) influence of light soaking on their photoluminescence (PL) properties. In this review, we for the first time thoroughly compare the illumination conditions and the sample environment to correlate the PL changes and decomposition of perovskite under light illumination. In the case of vacuum and dry nitrogen, PL of the halide perovskite ( MA PbI 3–x Cl x , MA PbBr 3–x Cl x , MAPbI 3 ) thin films decreases due to the defects induced by light illumination, and under high excitations ,  the thin film even decomposes. In the presence of oxygen or moisture, light induces the PL enhancement of halide perovskite (MAPbI 3 ) thin films at low light illumination, while increasing the excitation,  which causes the PL to quench and perovskite thin film to decompose. In the case of mixed halide perovskite ( ( MA ) Pb(Br x I 1-x ) 3 ) light induces reversible segregation of Br domains and I domains.