Author Guidelines
Author Guidelines
Before submitting to our online submission system, please carefully check that your manuscript has been prepared in accordance with the step-by-step instructions. The guide and the EnPress Manuscript Submission Template are updated and prepared specifically for those who are going to contribute or edit the manuscripts to be published in Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials since 2024 Volume 7 Issue 1.
Manuscript Format
Your manuscript should be in the MS Word format. You are advised to follow the new manuscript template for more details for preparing your submissions to Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials for consideration.
All manuscripts must be written in clear, comprehensible English. Both British and American English are accepted. The usage of non-English words should be kept to a minimum. If you have concerns about the level of English in your manuscript, please ensure that it is proofread by a native English speaker or a scientific editing service before submission.
Article types
The journal welcomes many kinds of Article types.
Cover Letter
It is best to submit a cover letter as a separate file along with the manuscript. A cover letter usually contains a brief explanation of your research standpoints, findings, and significance, as well as Informed Consent Statement or ethics approval ID (if available). The cover letter is confidential and only for the editors without reviewer access.
Title
The title should capture the conceptual significance for a broad audience. The title should not be more than 50 words and should be able to give readers an overall view of the paper’s significance. Titles should avoid using uncommon jargons, abbreviations, and punctuations.
List of Authors
Authors should be listed according to the extent of their contribution, with the major contributor listed first (referring to Authorship Policy). All corresponding authors should be identified with an asterisk. Affiliations should contain the following core information: department, institution, and country. For contact information, the email address of at least one corresponding author must be included. Please note that all authors must approve the final version of the manuscript before submitting it.
Equal contribution: Authors contribute equally to the work, please mark a symbol (†) with each author.
e.g.: AA BB1,*,†, CC DD2,†, EE FF3.
† AA BB and CC DD contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.
Abstract
The abstract is a brief description of the full text. The purpose of the abstract is to provide sufficient information for readers to determine whether or not to proceed to the full text of the article. It should briefly state the purpose, method, and results of the paper.
Keywords
Keywords are required for most article types, and usually 5 to 8 keywords are listed, which are separated by semi-colons.
Sections
1. Introduction
The introduction of the paper should start with an explanation of why a particular research work was conducted and end with a statement/conclusion of the research approach. Authors must ensure that non-technical readers are able to understand the introduction, including the technical goals and objectives, any technical issues faced, and applications in the real world. It would be beneficial for readers if authors provide a clear, one-sentence purpose statement of the research. It would be advisable to keep the length of the introduction to about 1/2 page (1–2 paragraphs).
2. Materials and methods
In this section, authors are required to provide a detailed account of the procedure that was followed when conducting the research described in the report. This will help readers obtain a clear understanding of the research and also allow them to replicate the study in the future. Authors should ensure that every method used is described and citations for procedures that have been described previously are included. A discussion in this section regarding the methods or results of any kind should be avoided.
Authors of a research manuscript reporting large datasets that are deposited in a publicly available database should specify where the data are deposited and provide the relevant accession numbers. If the accession numbers have not yet been obtained at the time of submission, please state that they will be provided during review. They must be provided prior to publication.
3. Results and discussion
This section may be divided by subheadings. It should provide a concise and precise description of experimental results, result interpretation, as well as the experimental conclusion that can be drawn.
Author contributions
For research articles with more than one author (not mandatory for other article types), a short paragraph specifying their individual contributions must be provided.
The new criteria for Author Cntributions are implemented since the 2024 volume.
Funding
This part only exists if the study received funding. If your research has received any external funding, pleaese provide details and check carefully that the details given are accurate and use the standard spelling of funding agency names at https://search.crossref.org/funding.
Acknowledgments
The acknowledgments section is not required. This is the section where authors can credit others for their guidance or help in writing the manuscript.
Conflict of interest
All authors are required to declare all activities that have the potential to be deemed as a source of competing interest relating to their submitted manuscript (see Conflict of Interest Policy). If there are no conflicts of interest, please state so, for example, “The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest”.
Figures, tables, and equations
All figures and tables should be cited in the main text as Figure 1, Table 1, etc. Figures should be center-aligned and placed as close as possible to the text they refer to. Photos, graphs, charts, or diagrams should be labeled as “Figure” (do not abbreviate) and assigned a number consecutively (e.g., Figure 1). The figure caption should appear underneath the figure and should be center-aligned with no additional blank line.
For example:
Figure 1. Figure label
In the case where the figure caption needs to be extended over to the second line, it should be left-aligned.
In the case where a table needs to be extended to the following page, the continuation of the table should be preceded by a caption, e.g., “Table 1. (Continued)”. Table footnotes should be placed below the table.
For example:
Table 1. Table label
When including symbols and equations in the text, the variable name and style must be consistent with those in the equations. Equations should be centered and numbered at the right margin of the same line, and the equation number should be enclosed with a parenthesis ().
For example:
Appendix
Supplementary materials that are excluded in the main body of the paper may be included in an appendix. These include derivations of equations and details of algorithms. An appendix should be used only when advanced technical details are essential to the paper. An appendix should be placed at the end of the paper after the References section and it should start on a new page.
References
References must be numbered in order of appearance in the text (including citations in tables and legends) and listed individually at the end of the manuscript. We recommend preparing references with a bibliography software package, such as EndNote, Reference Manager, or Zotero, to avoid typing mistakes and duplicated references. The digital object identifier (DOI) for all references should be included if available.
In-text citations
For in-text citations, the reference numbers should be placed in a square bracket [ ] and placed before the punctuation, for example, [1], [1–3], or [1,3]. For in-text citations with pagination, both parentheses and square brackets should be used to indicate the reference number and the page numbers, respectively, for example, [4] (p. 105) or [5] (pp. 12–18).
A text line must not start with a reference number. It is advised to include the author’s last name in front of the reference number instead. For example, for one author, “[1] proposes a systematic” should be replaced with “Liu [1] proposes a systematic”; for two authors, “[5] found that…” should be replaced with “Qian and Zhao [5] found that…”; and for three or more authors, “[7] described…” should be replaced with “Li et al. [7] described…”.
Journal Article
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM, Author 3 FM, et al. Article title. Journal Name. Year, Volume(Issue) (if available): Firstpage–Lastpage. doi (if available)
For example:
1. Li Z, Oskarsson M, Heyden A. Detailed 3D human body reconstruction from multi-view images combining voxel super-resolution and learned implicit representation. Applied Intelligence. 2022, 52(6): 6739–6759. doi: 10.1007/s10489-021-02783-8
Article in a language other than English
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM, Author 3 FM, et al. English title of the article (language). Journal Name. Year, Volume(Issue) (if available): Firstpage–Lastpage. doi (if available)
For example:
1. Massone L, Borghi S, Palmarpuric localization of dermatitis herpetiformis (French). Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 1987; 114(12): 1545–1547.
Book
Book without editors
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM. Chapter (optional). In: Title of the Book, Edition (if available). Publisher; Year. pp. Page range (optional).
For example:
1. Desiraju GR, Steiner T. The Weak Hydrogen Bond in Structural Chemistry and Biology, 2nd ed. Oxford University Press; 1999. pp. 10–25.
Book with editors
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM. Title of the contribution. In: Editor 1 FM, Editor 2 FM (editors). Title of the Book, Edition (if available). Publisher; Year. Volume (optional). pp. Page range (optional).
For example:
1. Rojko JL, Hardy WD Jr. Feline leukemia virus and other retroviruses. In: Sherding RG (editor). The Cat: Diseases and Clinical Management, 3rd ed. Churchill Livingstone; 1989. pp. 229–332.
Patent
Patent Owner 1, Patent Owner 2, Patent Owner 3. Title of Patent. Patent Number, Date (Day Month Year, the Application granted date).
For example:
1. Blanco EE, Meade JC, Richards WD. Surgical Stapling System. U.S. Patent 4,969,591. 13 November 1990.
Conference publication
Full citations of published abstracts (proceedings):
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM, Author 3 FM, et al. Title of presentation. In: Proceedings of the Name of the Conference; Date of Conference (Day Month Year) (if available); Location of Conference (City, Country) (if available). Abstract Number (optional), Pagination (optional).
For example:
1. Chum O, Philbin J, Zisserman A. Near duplicate image detection: Min‐Hash and tf‐idf weighting. In: Proceedings of the 19th British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC 2008); 1–4 September 2008; Leeds, UK. pp. 812–815.
If the proceedings are published as a book with a separate title (i.e., not “Proceedings of the Name of the Conference (full name)” as the title):
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM, Author 3 FM. Title of presentation. In: Editor 1 FM, Editor 2 FM (editors) (if available). Title of Collected Work, Proceedings of the Name of the Conference; Date of Conference (Day Month Year) (if available); Location of Conference (City, Country) (if available). Publisher; Year. Abstract Number (optional), Pagination (optional).
For example:
1. Beebe N. Digital forensic research: The good, the bad and the unaddressed. In: Advances in Digital Forensics V, Proceedings of the Fifth IFIP WG 11.9 International Conference on Digital Forensics; 26–28 January 2009; Orlando, FL, USA. Springer; 2009. Volume V. pp. 17–36.
Oral presentations without published material:
Author 1 FM, Author 2 FM, Author 3 FM. Title of presentation (if any). Presented at the Name of Conference; Date of Conference (Day Month Year) (if available); Location of Conference (City, Country) (if available); Paper number (if available).
For example:
1. Zhang Z, Chen H, Zhong J, et al. ZnO nanotip‐based QCM biosensors. Presented at the IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium and Exposition; 4–7 June 2006; Miami, FL, USA.
Thesis/Dissertation
Author FM. Title of Thesis [Level of thesis]. Degree‐Granting University; Year.
For example:
1. Mäckel H. Capturing the Spectra of Silicon Solar Cells [PhD thesis]. The Australian National University; 2004.
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