State-of-the-art of electrospun nanocomposite nanofibers and membranes with carbon nanoparticles—Prevailing progressions

Ayesha Kausar, Ishaq Ahmad

1700 (Abstract)

Keywords


electrospinning; nanofibers; polymer; nanocomposite; membrane

Full Text:

PDF


References


Huang X, Chen Y. Surface grafting of cellulose triacetate hollow fiber membranes with Ag@ZnO-hyperbranched polyglycerols nanoparticles for constructing antifouling and antibacterial surfaces. Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials 2023; 6(1). doi: 10.24294/can.v6i1.2538 Wang JJ, Shen ZH, Zhou WY, et al. Mesoscale computational prediction of lightweight, thermally conductive polymer nanocomposites containing graphene-wrapped hollow particle fillers. Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials 2021; 4(1): 40. doi: 10.24294/can.v4i1.1292 Kausar A, Ahmad I, Lam TD. High-tech graphene oxide reinforced conducting matrix nanocomposites—Current status and progress. Characterization and Application of Nanomaterials 2023; 6(1). doi: 10.24294/can.v6i1.2637 Pathak AK, Yokozeki T. Recycled Carbon nanofiber-polypropylene nanocomposite: A step towards sustainable structural material development. Journal of Composites Science 2022; 6(11): 332. doi: 10.3390/jcs6110332 Ganguly S. Preparation/processing of polymer-graphene composites by different techniques. In: Polymer Nanocomposites Containing Graphene. Elsevier; 2022. pp. 45–74. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-821639-2.00015-x Nemati S, Kim S, Shin YM, et al. Current progress in application of polymeric nanofibers to tissue engineering. Nano Convergence 2019; 6(1). doi: 10.1186/s40580-019-0209-y Liu R, Xu X, Zhuang X, et al. Solution blowing of chitosan/PVA hydrogel nanofiber mats. Carbohydrate Polymers 2014; 101: 1116–1121. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.10.056 Oliveira JE, Mattoso LHC, Orts WJ, et al. Structural and morphological characterization of micro and nanofibers produced by electrospinning and solution blow spinning: A comparative study. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013; 2013: 1–14. doi: 10.1155/2013/409572 Marjuban SMH, Rahman M, Duza SS, et al. Recent advances in centrifugal spinning and their applications in tissue engineering. Polymers 2023; 15(5): 1253. doi: 10.3390/polym15051253 Madhi Alsharif A. Power law liquid jets’ trajectories and instability during centrifugal spinning. Alexandria Engineering Journal 2023; 68: 301–314. doi: 10.1016/j.aej.2023.01.036 Duan Y, Ding Y, Xu Z, et al. Helix electrohydrodynamic printing of highly aligned serpentine micro/nanofibers. Polymers 2017; 9(12): 434. doi: 10.3390/polym9090434 Zhang Z, He H, Fu W, et al. Electro-hydrodynamic direct-writing technology toward patterned ultra-thin fibers: Advances, materials and applications. Nano Today 2020; 35: 100942. doi: 10.1016/j.nantod.2020.100942 Mahmoudi N, Simchi A. On the biological performance of graphene oxide-modified chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanocomposite membranes: In vitro and in vivo effects of graphene oxide. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2017; 70: 121–131. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.08.063 Luraghi A, Peri F, Moroni L. Electrospinning for drug delivery applications: A review. Journal of Controlled Release 2021; 334: 463–484. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.033 Yadav TC, Srivastava AK, Mishra P, et al. Electrospinning: An Efficient Biopolymer-Based Micro- and Nanofibers Fabrication Technique. Next Generation Biomanufacturing Technologies. ACS Publications; 2019. pp. 209–241. doi: 10.1021/bk-2019-1329.ch010 Zheng Q, Cao WQ, Zhai H, et al. Tailoring carbon-based nanofiber microstructures for electromagnetic absorption, shielding, and devices. Materials Chemistry Frontiers 2023; 7(9): 1737–1759. doi: 10.1039/d2qm01271e Xu H, Yagi S, Ashour S, et al. A review on current nanofiber technologies: Electrospinning, centrifugal spinning, and electro‐centrifugal spinning. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 2022; 308(3). doi: 10.1002/mame.202200502 Al-Dhahebi AM, Ling J, Krishnan SG, et al. Electrospinning research and products: The road and the way forward. Applied Physics Reviews 2022; 9(1). doi: 10.1063/5.0077959 Bora P, Bhuyan C, Borah AR, et al. Carbon nanomaterials for designing next-generation membranes and their emerging applications. Chemical Communications 2023; 59(76): 11320–11336. doi: 10.1039/d3cc03490a Kumar V, Alam MN, Manikkavel A, et al. Silicone rubber composites reinforced by carbon nanofillers and their hybrids for various applications: A review. Polymers 2021; 13(14): 2322. doi: 10.3390/polym13142322 Alatawna A, Birenboim M, Nadiv R, et al. The effect of compatibility and dimensionality of carbon nanofillers on cement composites. Construction and Building Materials 2020; 232: 117141. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117141 Kausar A. Nanocarbon in polymeric nanocomposite hydrogel—Design and multi-functional tendencies. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2020; 59(14): 1505–1521. doi: 10.1080/25740881.2020.1757106 Mas B, Fernández-Blázquez JP, Duval J, et al. Thermoset curing through Joule heating of nanocarbons for composite manufacture, repair and soldering. Carbon 2013; 63: 523–529. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.07.029 Choudhary V, Gupt A. Polymer/carbon nanotube nanocomposites. Carbon Nanotubes - Polymer Nanocomposites 2011. doi: 10.5772/18423 Chu CC, White KL, Liu P, et al. Electrical conductivity and thermal stability of polypropylene containing well-dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotubes disentangled with exfoliated nanoplatelets. Carbon 2012; 50(12): 4711–4721. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.05.063 Al-Osaimi J, Alhosiny N, Badawi A, Abdallah S. The effects of CNTs types on the structural and electrical properties of CNTs/PMMA nanocomposite films. International Journal of Engineering & Technology 2013; 13: 77–79. Khan NI, Halder S, Das S, et al. Graphitic nanoparticles functionalized with epoxy moiety for enhancing the mechanical performance of hybrid carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminated composites. Polymer Composites 2020; 42(2): 678–692. doi: 10.1002/pc.25857 Latif Z, Ali M, Lee EJ, et al. Thermal and mechanical properties of nano-carbon-reinforced polymeric nanocomposites: A review. Journal of Composites Science 2023; 7(10): 441. doi: 10.3390/jcs7100441 Maliszewska I, Czapka T. Electrospun polymer nanofibers with antimicrobial activity. Polymers 2022; 14(9): 1661. doi: 10.3390/polym14091661 Al-Abduljabbar A, Farooq I. Electrospun polymer nanofibers: Processing, properties, and applications. Polymers 2022; 15(1): 65. doi: 10.3390/polym15010065 Peng K, Huang H. Investigating the origin of the core-shell structure of polymeric nanofibers during fabrication process at the atomistic scale. Applied Surface Science 2023; 608: 155105. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.155105 Dou L, Yang B, Lan S, et al. High‐entropy‐nanofibers enhanced polymer nanocomposites for high‐performance energy storage. Advanced Energy Materials 2023; 13(11). doi: 10.1002/aenm.202203925 Zhao G, Shi L, Yang G, et al. 3D fibrous aerogels from 1D polymer nanofibers for energy and environmental applications. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2023; 11(2): 512–547. doi: 10.1039/d2ta05984c Wortmann M, Westphal M, Kaltschmidt B, et al. Nanofibers are a matter of perspective: Effects of methodology and subjectivity on diameter measurements. Nanoscale Advances 2023; 5(21): 5900–5906. doi: 10.1039/d3na00528c Sharma A, Kokil GR, He Y, et al. Inorganic/organic combination: Inorganic particles/polymer composites for tissue engineering applications. Bioactive Materials 2023; 24: 535–550. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.003 Zhang Y, Zhu B, Cai X, et al. Uniform doping of onion-like carbon nanofillers in carbon nanofibers via functionalization and in-situ polymerization for improved fiber graphitic structure and mechanical properties. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2023; 674: 131874. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131874 Sacco LN, Vollebregt S. Overview of engineering carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), graphene and nanodiamonds and other carbon allotropes inside porous anodic alumina (PAA) templates. Nanomaterials 2023; 13(2): 260. doi: 10.3390/nano13020260 Kausar A. State-of-the-art of fullerene-based nanocomposite nanofibers—Enterprise and technological amenabilities. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 2023; 62(9): 1157–1177. doi: 10.1080/25740881.2023.2204923 Gobiraman A, Santhosh N, Vishvanathperumal S. Biodegradable Polymeric Nanofibers Prepared via Electrospinning. Electrospun Nanofibres. CRC Press; 2023. pp. 167–190. doi: 10.1201/9781003333814-9 Huang T, Marshall LR, Armantrout JE, et al. Production of Nanofibers by Melt Spinning. U.S. Patent 8,277,711, 2 October 2012. Ye P, Guo Q, Zhang Z, et al. High-speed centrifugal spinning polymer slip mechanism and PEO/PVA composite fiber preparation. Nanomaterials 2023; 13(7): 1277. doi: 10.3390/nano13071277 Rajendaren V, Saufi SM, Zahari MAKM. Effect of spinning parameter on the properties and performance of hollow fiber supported liquid membrane for levulinic acid extraction. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023; 40(7): 1746–1759. doi: 10.1007/s11814-023-1439-6 Shen H, Sun T, Zhou J. Recent progress in regenerated cellulose fibers by wet spinning. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 2023; 308(10). doi: 10.1002/mame.202300089 Tan NPB, Cabatingan LK, Lim KJA. Synthesis of TiO2 nanofiber by solution blow spinning (SBS) method. Key Engineering Materials 2020; 858: 122–128. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.858.122 Medeiros ES, Glenn GM, Klamczynski AP, et al. Solution blow spinning: A new method to produce micro‐ and nanofibers from polymer solutions. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2009; 113(4): 2322–2330. doi: 10.1002/app.30275 Wu G, Du H, Cha YL, et al. A wearable mask sensor based on polyaniline/CNT nanocomposites for monitoring ammonia gas and human breathing. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2023; 375: 132858. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.132858 Scaffaro R, Settanni L, Gulino EF. Release profiles of carvacrol or chlorhexidine of PLA/graphene nanoplatelets membranes prepared using electrospinning and solution blow spinning: A comparative study. Molecules 2023; 28(4): 1967. doi: 10.3390/molecules28041967 Jeong C, Starr FW, Beers KL, et al. Influence of functionalization on the crystallinity and basic thermodynamic properties of polyethylene. Macromolecules 2023; 56(11): 3873–3883. doi: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02569 Fajardo-Diaz JL, Morelos-Gomez A, Cruz-Silva R, et al. Low-pressure reverse osmosis membrane made of cellulose nanofiber and carbon nanotube polyamide nano-nanocomposite for high purity water production. Chemical Engineering Journal 2022; 448: 137359. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.137359 Patil PT, Anwane RS, Kondawar SB. Development of electrospun polyaniline/ZnO composite nanofibers for LPG sensing. Procedia Materials Science 2015; 10: 195–204. doi: 10.1016/j.mspro.2015.06.041 Ostheller ME, Balakrishnan NK, Beukenberg K, et al. Pilot-scale melt electrospinning of polybutylene succinate fiber mats for a biobased and biodegradable face mask. Polymers 2023; 15(13): 2936. doi: 10.3390/polym15132936 Yu DG, Li Q, Song W, et al. Advanced technique-based combination of innovation education and safety education in higher education. Journal of Chemical Education 2023; 100(2): 507–516. doi: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.2c00568 Chen J, Wang Y, Liu Y, et al. Fabrication of macroporous magnetic carbon fibers via the cooperative etching-electrospinning technology toward ultra-light microwave absorption. Carbon 2023; 208: 82–91. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.03.043 Nguyen TD, Roh S, Nguyen MTN, et al. Structural control of nanofibers according to electrospinning process conditions and their applications. Micromachines 2023; 14(11): 2022. doi: 10.3390/mi14112022 Huang Y, Duan Y, Ding Y, et al. Versatile, kinetically controlled, high precision electrohydrodynamic writing of micro/nanofibers. Scientific Reports 2014; 4(1). doi: 10.1038/srep05949 Jiang J, Liu Y, Chen J, et al. In-situ molding of micro three-dimensional columnar structure by electric-field-focused electrospinning. Materials Today Communications 2023; 35: 105589. doi: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.105589 Akhoundi B, Modanloo V, Mashayekhi A. Design and manufacture of an additive manufacturing printer based on 3D melt electrospinning writing of polymer. International Polymer Processing 2023; 38(3): 424–433. doi: 10.1515/ipp-2023-4352 He X, Gu J, Hao Y, et al. Continuous manufacture of stretchable and integratable thermoelectric nanofiber yarn for human body energy harvesting and self-powered motion detection. Chemical Engineering Journal 2022; 450: 137937. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.137937 Zhang P, Su J, Guo J, et al. Influence of carbon nanotube on properties of concrete: A review. Construction and Building Materials 2023; 369: 130388. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130388 Abubakre OK, Medupin RO, Akintunde IB, et al. Carbon nanotube-reinforced polymer nanocomposites for sustainable biomedical applications: A review. Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices 2023; 8(2): 100557. doi: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2023.100557 Arjmandi SK, Khademzadeh Yeganeh J, Zare Y, et al. Development of Kovacs model for electrical conductivity of carbon nanofiber–polymer systems. Scientific Reports 2023; 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-26139-5 Zahid M, Anum R, Siddique S, et al. Polyaniline-based nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference shielding applications: A review. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials 2021; 36(4): 1717–1761. doi: 10.1177/08927057211022408 Noh YJ, Joh HI, Yu J, et al. Ultra-high dispersion of graphene in polymer composite via solvent freefabrication and functionalization. Scientific Reports 2015; 5(1). doi: 10.1038/srep09141 Simotwo SK, DelRe C, Kalra V. Supercapacitor electrodes based on high-purity electrospun polyaniline and polyaniline–carbon nanotube nanofibers. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2016; 8(33): 21261–21269. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b03463 Zhang F, Yang K, Liu G, et al. Recent advances on graphene: Synthesis, properties and applications. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2022; 160: 107051. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107051 Yang H, Zheng H, Duan Y, et al. Nanocellulose-graphene composites: Preparation and applications in flexible electronics. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2023; 253: 126903. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126903 Chen L, Shen Y, Liu Z, et al. Experimental and modeling investigation on thermodynamic effect of graphene doped shape memory epoxy composites. Polymer 2022; 239: 124430. doi: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124430 Zhuang YF, Cao XY, Zhang JN, et al. Monomer casting nylon/graphene nanocomposite with both improved thermal conductivity and mechanical performance. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2019; 120: 49–55. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.02.019 Maccaferri E, Mazzocchetti L, Benelli T, et al. Morphology, thermal, mechanical properties and ageing of nylon 6,6/graphene nanofibers as Nano2 materials. Composites Part B: Engineering 2019; 166: 120–129. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.11.096 Kausar A, Ahmad I, Eisa MH, et al. Manufacturing strategies for graphene derivative nanocomposites—Current status and fruitions. Nanomanufacturing 2023; 3(1): 1–19. doi: 10.3390/nanomanufacturing3010001 Weise BA, Wirth KG, Völkel L, et al. Pilot-scale fabrication and analysis of graphene-nanocomposite fibers. Carbon 2019; 144: 351–361. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.042 Leyva-Porras C, Ornelas-Gutiérrez C, Miki-Yoshida M, et al. EELS analysis of nylon 6 nanofibers reinforced with nitroxide-functionalized graphene oxide. Carbon 2014; 70: 164–172. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.12.087 Xu Z, Gao C. In situ polymerization approach to graphene-reinforced nylon-6 composites. Macromolecules 2010; 43(16): 6716–6723. doi: 10.1021/ma1009337 Zhang Y, Liu H, Liu M, et al. Effects of different amine-functionalized graphene oxide on the mechanical and thermal properties of polyimide composites. High Performance Polymers 2023; 35(9): 963–973. doi: 10.1177/09540083231199766 Afzal HM, Shehzad F, Zubair M, et al. Influence of microwave irradiation on thermal properties of PVA and PVA/graphene nanocomposites. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2019; 139(1): 353–365. doi: 10.1007/s10973-019-08419-x Mohd Abdah MAA, Zubair NA, Azman NHN, et al. Fabrication of PEDOT coated PVA-GO nanofiber for supercapacitor. Materials Chemistry and Physics 2017; 192: 161–169. doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.01.058 Huo J, Zhang G, Yuan X, et al. Electrospraying graphene nanosheets on polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers for efficient thermal management materials. ACS Applied Nano Materials 2023; 6(7): 6241–6246. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.3c00563 Kadoshima T, Sakaguchi H, Eiraku M. Telencephalic tissue formation in 3D stem cell culture. In: Organ Regeneration Based on Developmental Biology. Springer; 2017. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-3768-9 Jun L, Chen Q, Fu W, et al. Electrospun Yb-doped In2O3 nanofiber field-effect transistors for highly sensitive ethanol sensors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2020; 12(34): 38425–38434. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c12259 Cao X, Wang T, Jiao L. Transition-metal (Fe, Co, and Ni)-based nanofiber electrocatalysts for water splitting. Advanced Fiber Materials 2021; 3(4): 210–228. doi: 10.1007/s42765-021-00065-z Wang J, Wang C, Hou K, et al. Electrospinning of bitter gourd shape CoNiSe2@N carbon nanofibers as absorbers for electromagnetic wave attenuation. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2023; 175: 107770. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2023.107770 Li B, Yuan H, Zhang Y. Transparent PMMA-based nanocomposite using electrospun graphene-incorporated PA-6 nanofibers as the reinforcement. Composites Science and Technology 2013; 89: 134–141. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.09.022 Abdali H, Ajji A. Preparation of electrospun nanocomposite nanofibers of polyaniline/poly(methyl methacrylate) with amino-functionalized graphene. Polymers 2017; 9(12): 453. doi: 10.3390/polym9090453 Ramazani S, Karimi M. Study the molecular structure of poly(ε-caprolactone)/graphene oxide and graphene nanocomposite nanofibers. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 2016; 61: 484–492. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.04.020 Bagheri M, Mahmoodzadeh A. Polycaprolactone/graphene nanocomposites: Synthesis, characterization and mechanical properties of electrospun nanofibers. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials 2019; 30(5): 1566–1577. doi: 10.1007/s10904-019-01340-8 Ramazani S, Karimi M. Aligned poly(ε-caprolactone)/graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite nanofibers: Morphological, mechanical and structural properties. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2015; 56: 325–334. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.06.045 Suja PS, Reshmi CR, Sagitha P, et al. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes for water purification. Polymer Reviews 2017; 57(3): 467–504. doi: 10.1080/15583724.2017.1309664 Wypych G. Functional Fillers: Chemical Composition, Morphology, Performance, Applications. Elsevier; 2023. Zhang F, Si Y, Yu J, et al. Electrospun porous engineered nanofiber materials: A versatile medium for energy and environmental applications. Chemical Engineering Journal 2023; 456: 140989. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.140989 Xu X, Si Y, Zhao Y, et al. Electrospun textile strategies in tendon to bone junction reconstruction. Advanced Fiber Materials 2022; 5(3): 764–790. doi: 10.1007/s42765-022-00233-9 Chen K, Li Y, Li Y, et al. Stimuli-responsive electrospun nanofibers for drug delivery, cancer therapy, wound dressing, and tissue engineering. Journal of Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21(1). doi: 10.1186/s12951-023-01987-z Mamun A, Kiari M, Sabantina L. A recent review of electrospun porous carbon nanofiber mats for energy storage and generation applications. Membranes 2023; 13(10): 830. doi: 10.3390/membranes13100830 Fan P, Ye C, Xu L. One-dimensional nanostructured electrode materials based on electrospinning technology for supercapacitors. Diamond and Related Materials 2023; 134: 109803. doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109803 Senthilkumar SH, Ramasubramanian B, Rao RP, et al. Advances in electrospun materials and methods for Li-Ion batteries. Polymers 2023; 15(7): 1622. doi: 10.3390/polym15071622 Widhiyanuriyawan D, Arifin Z, Muwaffaq A, et al. The effect of electrospinning precursor flow rate with rotating collector on ZnO nanofiber size results on double-layered DSSC photoanode fabrication. Evergreen 2023; 10(1): 504–509. doi: 10.5109/6782154 Zhang J, Liu J, Liu Y, et al. Design engineering of MOF-derived ZnO porous nanofibers functionalized with Pt clusters: Significantly improved acetone sensing properties. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2024; 400: 134941. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2023.134941 Liu J, Wang W, Li G, et al. Metal-organic framework-derived CuO tube-like nanofibers with high surface area and abundant porosities for enhanced room-temperature NO2 sensing properties. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2023; 934: 167950. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167950 Wang P, Lv H, Cao X, et al. Recent progress of the preparation and application of electrospun porous nanofibers. Polymers 2023; 15(4): 921. doi: 10.3390/polym15040921 Zhang H, Luo X, Shi K, et al. Nanocarbon-based catalysts for esterification: Effect of carbon dimensionality and synergistic effect of the surface functional groups. Carbon 2019; 147: 134–145. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2019.02.079 Zhou S, Zhang H, Zhao Q, et al. Graphene-wrapped polyaniline nanofibers as electrode materials for organic supercapacitors. Carbon 2013; 52: 440–450. doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.09.055 Wang N, Wang B, Wang W, et al. Structural design of electrospun nanofibers for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2023; 935: 167920. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167920 Barhoum A, Pal K, Rahier H, et al. Nanofibers as new-generation materials: From spinning and nano-spinning fabrication techniques to emerging applications. Applied Materials Today 2019; 17: 1–35. doi: 10.1016/j.apmt.2019.06.015 Liao HC, Ho CC, Chang CY, et al. Additives for morphology control in high-efficiency organic solar cells. Materials Today 2013; 16(9): 326–336. doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2013.08.013 Howard JB, Noh S, Beier AE, et al. Fine tuning surface energy of poly(3-hexylthiophene) by heteroatom modification of the alkyl side chains. ACS Macro Letters 2015; 4(7): 725–730. doi: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00328 Kurniawan M, Salim T, Tai KF, et al. Carrier dynamics in polymer nanofiber: Fullerene solar cells. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2012; 116(34): 18015–18022. doi: 10.1021/jp302968e Loukelis K, Helal ZA, Mikos AG, et al. Nanocomposite bioprinting for tissue engineering applications. Gels 2023; 9(2): 103. doi: 10.3390/gels9020103 Navaratnam S, Selvaranjan K, Jayasooriya D, et al. Applications of natural and synthetic fiber reinforced polymer in infrastructure: A suitability assessment. Journal of Building Engineering 2023; 66: 105835. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.105835 Adapa SK, Jagadish. Prospects of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites for additive manufacturing applications: A review. JOM 2023; 75(3): 920–940. doi: 10.1007/s11837-022-05670-w Babu A, Aazem I, Walden R, et al. Electrospun nanofiber based TENGs for wearable electronics and self-powered sensing. Chemical Engineering Journal 2023; 452: 139060. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.139060 Wang X, Hsiao BS. Electrospun nanofiber membranes. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 2016; 12: 62–81. doi: 10.1016/j.coche.2016.03.001 Cui J, Li F, Wang Y, et al. Electrospun nanofiber membranes for wastewater treatment applications. Separation and Purification Technology 2020; 250: 117116. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117116 Zhao K, Tian X, Xing J, et al. Tunable mechanical behavior of collagen-based films: A comparison of celluloses in different geometries. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2022; 214: 120–127. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.191 Saleem H, Trabzon L, Kilic A, et al. Recent advances in nanofibrous membranes: Production and applications in water treatment and desalination. Desalination 2020; 478: 114178. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2019.114178 Tlili I, Alkanhal TA. Nanotechnology for water purification: Electrospun nanofibrous membrane in water and wastewater treatment. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 2019; 9(3): 232–248. doi: 10.2166/wrd.2019.057



DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/can.v6i2.4870

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Ayesha Kausar, Ishaq Ahmad

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.