This special issue focuses on recent developments of metal oxide materials with high potential as catalysts for light-induced reactions. Metal oxide photocatalysts are special materials that can be used in sustainable technology for the degradation of harmful pollutants and the generation of clean energy through photocatalysis. The metal oxide uses light energy to facilitate chemical reactions by creating electron-hole pairs when illuminated, which can react with surface molecules and degrade them into less harmful substances. This issue also highlights the application of metal oxide photocatalysts in sustainable air and water purification technology. The use of metal oxide photocatalysts can effectively break down harmful pollutants in air and water into less harmful substances such as carbon dioxide and water, resulting in an environmentally friendly process and a reduction in negative impacts on human health and the environment. In addition, this special issue demonstrates the potential of metal oxide photocatalysts to generate clean energy, particularly by converting light energy into electrical energy using solar cells, thereby eliminating the need for fossil fuels and reducing carbon emissions, ultimately promoting sustainable energy production. Overall, this special issue is a comprehensive compilation of the importance of metal oxide photocatalysts in sustainable technology, highlighting their importance in promoting environmental sustainability and reducing the negative impact of pollution on human health and the environment.