Biorefinery is a process that uses biomass feedstocks, such as agricultural and forestry residues, energy crops, and municipal solid waste, to produce a range of valuable products, including biofuels, biochemicals, and bioproducts. Biorefinery process is designed to maximize the value and minimize the waste of the biomass feedstocks. The aim of this special issue is to provide a platform for researchers, scientists, engineers, and stakeholders from academia, industry, and government to share their research findings, technological advancements, and innovative ideas related to the field of biorefinery for sustainable development. This special issue aims to publish high-quality research papers and review articles on various aspects of biorefinery, including biomass feedstocks, process technologies, product diversification, energy efficiency, and environmental sustainability.

The scope of this special issue focuses on sustainable biorefinery in the research fields of chemical engineering. It includes but is not limited to the following areas:

· Biomass feedstocks: Production, characterization, and selection of lignocellulosic, algal, and waste biomass for biorefinery applications.

· Process technologies: Development, optimization, and scale-up of various conversion technologies, such as pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, thermochemical, and electrochemical processes for the production of biofuels, biochemicals, and bioproducts.

· Product diversification: Exploration of various value-added products, such as bioplastics, biocomposites, biofertilizers, and bioremediation agents, from the biorefinery process.

· Energy efficiency: Integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal, in the biorefinery process to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels and minimize the carbon footprint.

· Environmental sustainability: Assessment of the environmental impact of biorefinery processes, including life cycle analysis, carbon footprint, and eco-toxicity, to ensure sustainable and responsible development.