Purpose: This study explores the impact of quality of life (QoL) on the happiness of female healthcare professionals, focusing on the moderating roles of family dynamics and education. Method: A descriptive and exploratory design was used with data from 503 female healthcare professionals. Various quantitative analyses, including regression and correlation, were conducted using SPSS and AMOS. Findings: The study found a positive relationship between QoL and happiness. Family dynamics and education significantly moderated this relationship, highlighting the influence of these factors on happiness levels. Implications: The research offers insights into the well-being of female healthcare professionals and calls for policies that support QoL through flexible work arrangements and wellness programs, considering diverse family structures and educational backgrounds. Originality: This study provides a focused analysis of the role of family and education in shaping the relationship between QoL and happiness for female healthcare professionals.

1. Alqsaireen, E. M., Khasawneh, M. A. S., Alkhawaldeh, M. A., et al. (2023). Correlation of social cohesion with psychological and social support for people with special needs. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, 58(3).
2. Ang, S., & Malhotra, R. (2024). How helping you helps me: A longitudinal analysis of volunteering and pathways to quality of life among older adults in Singapore. The Journals of Gerontology, Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 79(5).
3. Arslan, G. (2023). Psychological well-being and mental health in youth: Technical adequacy of the comprehensive inventory of thriving. Children, 10(7), 1269.
4. Bhalla, P., Kaur, J., Zafar, S. (2024a). Journey from FOMO to JOMO by digital detoxification. In: Business drivers in promoting digital detoxification. IGI Global. pp. 195–208.
5. Bhalla, P., Kaur, J., Zafar, S. (2024b). The power of consistency: Building long-term success with content marketing. In: Revolutionizing the AI-digital landscape. Productivity Press. pp. 101–115.
6. Braunger, I., & Walk, P. (2022). Power in transitions: Gendered power asymmetries in the United Kingdom and the United States coal transitions. Energy Research & Social Science, 87, 102474.
7. Cai, R., Chi, C. G. Q., & Chiappa, G. D. (2024). How sense of community and social environment influence residents’ subjective well-being? Moderating role of trust. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 1–26.
8. Chang, L., Moyle, B. D., Vada, S., et al. (2024). Re‐thinking tourist wellbeing: An integrative model of affiliation with nature and social connections. International Journal of Tourism Research, 26(2), e2644.
9. Cheng, X., & Ariyo, T. (2023). Grandparenting and life satisfaction among Chinese elderlies: A study of possible mechanisms. BMC Geriatrics, 23(1), 831.
10. Chicco, D., Warrens, M. J., & Jurman, G. (2021). The coefficient of determination R-squared is more informative than SMAPE, MAE, MAPE, MSE and RMSE in regression analysis evaluation. PeerJ Computer Science, 7, e623.
11. Ciziceno, M. (2022). The conceptions of quality of life, wellness and well-being: A literature review. In: Sport and quality of life: Practices, habits and lifestyles. Springer. pp. 11–27.
12. Cohen, Y., Spector-Mersel, G., & Shiovitz-Ezra, S. (2023). The second empty nest: The lived experience of older female healthcare professionals whose intensive ‘grandmotherhood’ has ended. Journal of Aging Studies, 66, 101163.
13. Colucci, E., Nadeau, S., Higgins, J., et al. (2022). COVID-19 lockdowns’ effects on the quality of life, perceived health and well-being of healthy elderly individuals: A longitudinal comparison of pre-lockdown and lockdown states of well-being. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 99, 104606.
14. Cote, M. P., Lubowitz, J. H., Brand, J. C., et al. (2021). Misinterpretation of P values and statistical power creates a false sense of certainty: Statistical significance, lack of significance, and the uncertainty challenge. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 37(4), 1057–1063.
15. Edgerton, J. D., Roberts, L. W., & von Below, S. (2011). Education and quality of life. In: Handbook of social indicators and quality of life research. Springer. pp. 265–296.
16. Emami, A., Ashourizadeh, S., & Packard, M. D. (2023). The impact of social network support on opportunity intention among prospective male and female entrepreneurs during 2019-nCov pandemic. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 29(11), 132–169.
17. Esch, T. (2022). The ABC model of happiness—Neurobiological aspects of motivation and positive mood, and their dynamic changes through practice, the course of life. Biology, 11(6), 843.
18. Fahwa, T. (2023). Happiness and self-efficacy among entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur students [Master’s thesis]. Kerala University.
19. Fatanah, A., & Rasyidi, A. H. (2024). Lombok female health care professional: Dynamics, transformation, and socio-economic realities in the family. International Journal of Humanities, Education, and Social Sciences, 2(1), 111–126.
20. Figueira, H. A., Figueira, O. A., Corradi-Perini, C., et al. (2021). A descriptive analytical study on physical activity and quality of life in sustainable aging. Sustainability, 13(11), 5968.
21. Goretzko, D., Siemund, K., & Sterner, P. (2024). Evaluating model fit of measurement models in confirmatory factor analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 84(1), 123–144.
22. Goyal, S., Kaur, J., Qazi, S., et al. (2023). Moderating effect of perceived organizational support in the relationship between thriving at work and work performance. International Journal of eBusiness and eGovernment Studies, 15(2), 187–211.
23. Grottis, L. (2024). Balancing wellness and leadership: Exploring Black women administrators’ subjective well-being, resilience, and radical self-care in higher education [PhD thesis]. Abilene Christian University.
24. Guedes, F. B., Cerqueira, A., Gaspar, S., et al. (2023). Quality of life and well-being of adolescents in Portuguese schools. Child Indicators Research, 16(4), 1381–1394.
25. Hu, Y., Sobhani, A., & Ettema, D. (2023). Are men or women happier commuters? A study on the determinants of travel mode dissonance and travel satisfaction for dual-earner couples with school-age children in Ganyu, China. Travel Behaviour and Society, 31(1), 131-140.
26. Jakubowska, A., Zajenkowska, A., Kaźmierczak, I., et al. (2023). Anger sensitivity and relatedness frustration as predictors of depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 215, 112379.
27. Javanmardnejad, S., Bandari, R., Heravi-Karimooi, M., et al. (2021). Happiness, quality of working life, and job satisfaction among nurses working in emergency departments in Iran. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 19(1), 1–8.
28. Karakose, T., Ozdemir, T. Y., Papadakis, S., et al. (2022). Investigating the relationships between COVID-19 quality of life, loneliness, happiness, and internet addiction among K-12 teachers and school administrators—A structural equation modeling approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1052.
29. Kaur, J., & Madaan, G. (2023). Blockchain technology: Application in electronic health-care systems. In: Blockchain for business: Promise, practice, and applications. IGI Global. pp. 100–123.
30. Kaur, J. (2019). Female healthcare professionals entrepreneurship: Challenges and issues. International Journal of Management, Technology and Engineering, 9(4), 491–506.
31. Kaur, J., & Singh, K. N. (2022). An exploratory study on innovative competency mapping and its relevance for talent management. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences, 43(7), 1589–1599.
32. Kaur, J., Bhalla, P., Singh, S., et al. (2024a). Embracing the intelligent future: AI and digital marketing synergy. In: Revolutionizing the AI-digital landscape. Productivity Press. pp. 25–47.
33. Kaur, J., Dutt, A., & Madaan, G. (2024b). Digitalizing HR in emerging markets: A comprehensive study of implementation challenges and opportunities. In: Convergence of human resources technologies and industry 5.0. IGI Global. pp. 69–84.
34. Kaur, J., Dutt, A., Bhalla, P., et al. (2024c). Recharging creativity: Embracing digital detox for entrepreneurial excellence. In: Business drivers in promoting digital detoxification. IGI Global. pp. 251–267.
35. Kaur, J., Madaan, G., Qazi, S., et al. (2023a). An explorative factor analysis of competency mapping for IT professionals. Administrative Sciences, 13(4), 98.
36. Khaddam, A. A., Alzghoul, A., Khawaldeh, K., et al. (2023b). How spiritual leadership influences creative behaviors: The mediating role of workplace climate. International Journal of Professional Business Review: Int. J. Prof. Bus. Rev., 8(2), 7.
37. Koburtay, T., & Alqhaiwi, Z. (2024). Does religiosity matter for entrepreneurs’ psychological well-being in conflict areas? Insights from Palestine and Libya. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(5), 1122-1148.
38. Kumar, M., Mishra, S., Pandey, R. D., et al. (2022). CFLP: A new cost based feature for link prediction in dynamic networks. Journal of Computational Science, 62, 101726.
39. Li, J., Vatsa, P., & Ma, W. (2023). Small acts with big impacts: Does garbage classification improve subjective well-being in rural China? Applied Research in Quality of Life, 18(3), 1337-1363.
40. López-Ruiz, V. R., Huete-Alcocer, N., Alfaro-Navarro, J. L., et al. (2021). The relationship between happiness and quality of life: A model for Spanish society. Plos One, 16(11), e0259528.
41. Masood, A., & Barrech, S. (2023). A qualitative study on psychological impacts due to work-life balance of working female healthcare professionals on their jobs in Quetta City. Pakistan Journal of International Affairs, 6(2).
42. McNeish, D. (2023). Generalizability of dynamic fit index, equivalence testing, and Hu & Bentler cutoffs for evaluating fit in factor analysis. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 58(1), 195–219.
43. Myers, C. (2023). Spiritual domain. In: The human weapon system. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. pp. 83–91.
44. Nagina, R., Kaur, J., Qazi, S., et al. (2024). Exploring consumer perception and preference factors influencing carbonated beverage purchase decisions: A comprehensive study. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(5), 4852. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i5.4852
45. Nazneen, A., Bhalla, P., Qazi, S., et al. (2024). Integrated web of youth happiness measures. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(2), 1085–1098.
46. Nutakor, J. A., Zhou, L., Larnyo, E., et al. (2023). Socioeconomic status and quality of life: An assessment of the mediating effect of social capital. Healthcare, 11(5), 749.
47. Orth, U., & Robins, R. W. (2022). Is high self-esteem beneficial? Revisiting a classic question. American Psychologist, 77(1), 5.
48. Posel, D., & Bruce-Brand, J. (2021). ‘Only a housewife?’ Subjective well-being and homemaking in South Africa. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22, 323–342.
49. Robinson, R., Crank, H., Humphreys, H., et al. (2023). Time to embed physical activity within usual care in cancer services: A qualitative study of cancer healthcare professionals’ views at a single centre in England. Disability and Rehabilitation, 45(21), 3484–3492.
50. Santisi, G., Lodi, E., Magnano, P., et al. (2020). Relationship between psychological capital and quality of life: The role of courage. Sustainability, 12(13), 5238.
51. Sayed, T., Malan, H., & Fourie, E. (2024). Exploring the associations between resilience and psychological well-being among South Africans during COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1323466.
52. Seibert, S., Akkermans, J., & Liu, C. H. (2024). Understanding contemporary career success: A critical review. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 11, 509–534.
53. Seyed Hosseini, R. N., Khanizadeh, S., Mohebbi, F., et al. (2023). Active leisure time predicts happiness among Iranian adults: A study comparing adults with physically active versus inactive lifestyle. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 2023.
54. Singh, S., Madaan, G., Kaur, J., et al. (2023). Bibliometric Review on Healthcare Sustainability. In: Handbook of Research on Safe Disposal Methods of Municipal Solid Wastes for a Sustainable Environment. IGI Global. pp. 142–161. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-8117-2.ch011
55. Sinha, A., Chandra, B., Mishra, A. K., et al. (2023). An assessment on quality of life and happiness indices of project affected people in Indian coalfields. Sustainability, 15(12), 9634.
56. Spates, K., Evans, N. T., Smith, J., et al. (2024). I need you to survive: A qualitative exploration of family-based beliefs among resettled Congolese refugee female healthcare professionals in the USA. International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care.
57. Su, Y., & Sabjan Muhammad, A. (2023). Role of economic, and social parameters affecting life satisfaction and happiness during pre and post COVID era: A study with Marx’s perspective. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 36(1).
58. van der Deijl, W., Brouwer, W., & van Exel, J. (2023). What constitutes well-being? Five views among adult people from the Netherlands on what is important for a good life. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 18(6), 3141–3167.
59. Woodside, A. G., Mir-Bernal, P., & Sádaba, T. (2023). How democracy and authoritarianism impact nations’ QoL and happiness: Applying complexity theory tenets in building and testing case-based models. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 8(4), 100428.
60. Xu, H., Zhang, C., & Huang, Y. (2023). Social trust, social capital, and subjective well-being of rural residents: Micro-empirical evidence based on the Chinese general social survey (CGSS). Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1–13.
61. Yeung, W. J. J., & Li, N. (2023). Paternity leave, family dynamics, and children’s behavior in Singapore. Journal of Marriage and Family, 85(2), 580–602.
62. Zhang, A., & Xiao, H. (2024). Psychological well-being from virtual tourism: A mixed method approach. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 1–17.
63. Zhi, R., & Derakhshan, A. (2024). Modelling the interplay between resilience, emotion regulation and psychological well‐being among Chinese English language teachers: The mediating role of self‐efficacy beliefs. European Journal of Education, 9(3), e12643.