References
Andrejevic, M. (2017). Digital citizenship and surveillance: To pre-empt a thief. International Journal of Communication, 11, 879-896.
Arku, R. N., Buttazzoni, A., Agyapon-Ntra, K., et al. (2022). Highlighting smart city mirages in public perceptions: A Twitter sentiment analysis of four African smart city projects. Cities, 130, 103857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103857
Barns, S. (2020). Platform Urbanism. Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9725-8
Belk, R. W., Kozinets, R., & Fischer, E. (2012). Qualitative consumer and marketing research. Sage.
Bunders, D. J., & Varró, K. (2019). Problematizing data-driven urban practices: Insights from five Dutch ‘smart cities. Cities, 93, 145–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.05.004
Cammaerts, B. (2012). Protest logics and the mediation opportunity structure. European Journal of Communication, 27(2), 117-134. https://doi.org/10.1177/02673231124410
Castells, M. (2009). Communication power. Oxford University Press.
Chan, K. G. (2019). Surveillance fears over new HKID cards RFID technology may enable remote tracking of a cardholder by police or even a lamppost. Asia Times.
Chen, W. F., & Ting, T. Y. (2019). Contesting Shopping Tourism: Neoliberal Consumptionscapes and Conflicts in Host Societies. Tourism Culture & Communication, 19(2), 155–160. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830419x15536971539434
Cheng, E. W., Lee, F. L. F., Yuen, S., et al. (2022). Total Mobilization from Below: Hong Kong’s Freedom Summer. The China Quarterly, 251, 629–659. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0305741022000236
Coleman, E. G. (2010). Ethnographic Approaches to Digital Media. Annual Review of Anthropology, 39(1), 487–505. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.012809.104945
Cook, M., & Karvonen, A. (2023). Urban planning and the knowledge politics of the smart city. Urban Studies, 61(2), 370–382. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231177688
Coopman, T. M. (2010). Networks of Dissent: Emergent Forms in Media Based Collective Action. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 28(2), 153–172. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2010.514934
Cordes, V. F. (2017). City Sovereignty: Urban Resistance and Rebel Cities Reconsidered. Urban Science, 1(3), 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci1030022
Fussell, S. (2019). Why Hong Kongers are toppling lampposts. The Atlantic.
Innovation, Technology, and Industry Bureau. (2022). Hong Kong smart city blueprint. Available online: https://www.smartcity.gov.hk/ (accessed on 3 May 2024).
Jasanoff, S., & Kim, S. H. (2015). Dreamscapes of Modernity. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226276663.001.0001
Kitchin, R. (2013). The real-time city? Big data and smart urbanism. GeoJournal, 79(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-013-9516-8
Kozinets, R. V. (2012). Netnography: Doing ethnographic research online. Sage.
Langer, R., & Beckman, S. C. (2005). Sensitive research topics: netnography revisited. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(2), 189–203. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522750510592454
Latonero, M., & Kift, P. (2018). On Digital Passages and Borders: Refugees and the New Infrastructure for Movement and Control. Social Media + Society, 4(1), 205630511876443. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118764432
Lee, F. L. F., Cheng, E. W., Liang, H., et al. (2021). Dynamics of Tactical Radicalisation and Public Receptiveness in Hong Kong’s Anti-Extradition Bill Movement. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 52(3), 429–451. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2021.1910330
Legislative Council. (2021). Report of the panel on information technology and broadcasting for submission to the Legislative Council. Available online: https://www.legco.gov.hk/yr20-21/english/panels/itb/reports/itb20211013cb1-1392-e.pdf (accessed on 3 May 2024).
Leitheiser, S., & Follmann, A. (2019). The social innovation-(re)politicisation nexus: Unlocking the political in actually existing smart city campaigns? The case of SmartCity Cologne, Germany. Urban Studies, 57(4), 894–915. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098019869820
Leszczynski, A. (2019). Glitchy vignettes of platform urbanism. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 38(2), 189–208. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263775819878721
Leung, K. Y. K., & Lee, H. Y. (2021). Implementing the smart city: who has a say? Some insights from Hong Kong. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 27(sup1), 124–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2021.1997634
Li, Y. T., & Whitworth, K. (2022). Data as a Weapon: The Evolution of Hong Kong Protesters’ Doxing Strategies. Social Science Computer Review, 41(5), 1650–1670. https://doi.org/10.1177/08944393221111240
Liang, H., & Lee, F. L. F. (2021). Opinion leadership in a leaderless movement: discussion of the anti-extradition bill movement in the ‘LIHKG’ web forum. Social Movement Studies, 22(5–6), 670–688. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2021.1989294
Luque-Ayala, A., & Marvin, S. (2020). Urban Operating Systems. The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10869.001.0001
Mattern, S. (2021). A City Is Not a Computer. Available online: https://chooser.crossref.org/?doi=10.1515%2F9780691226750 (accessed on 3 May 2024).
McAdam, D. (1999). Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency, 1930-1970. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226555553.001.0001
Morozov, E. (2012). The net delusion: The dark side of Internet freedom. Public Affairs.
Panagia, D., & Ranciére, J. (2000). Dissenting Words: A Conversation with Jacques Rancière. Diacritics, 30(2), 113–126. https://doi.org/10.1353/dia.2000.0016
Pedersen, S., & Burnett, S. (2017). “Citizen Curation” in Online Discussions of Donald Trump’s Presidency. Digital Journalism, 6(5), 545–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2017.1399806
Rekhviashvili, L., Kębłowski, W., Sopranzetti, C., et al. (2022). Informalities in urban transport: Mobilities at the heart of contestations over (in)formalisation processes. Geoforum, 136, 225–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.05.008
Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2011). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data. Sage.
Spiggle, S. (1994). Analysis and Interpretation of Qualitative Data in Consumer Research. Journal of Consumer Research, 21(3), 491. https://doi.org/10.1086/209413
Stone, T. (2022). The streetlights are watching you: A historical perspective on value change and public lighting. Prometheus, 38(1). https://doi.org/10.13169/prometheus.38.1.0045
Tarrow, S. (1994). Power in movement: Social movements, collective action and mass politics in the modern state. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830419X15536971539434
Tilly, C. (1977). Repertoires of contention in America and Britain 1750-1830. In: Zald, N. & McCarthy, J. D. (editors). The dynamics of social movements: Resource mobilization, social control and tactics. Winthrop Publishers. pp. 242-257.
Ting, T. Y. (2017). Struggling for tomorrow: the future orientations of youth activism in a democratic crisis. Contemporary Social Science, 12(3–4), 242–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/21582041.2017.1385827
Ting, T. Y. (2019). Everyday networked activism in Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement: expanding on contemporary practice theory to understand activist digital media usages. International Journal of Communication, 13, 3250-3269.
Ting, T. Y. (2020). From ‘be water’ to ‘be fire’: nascent smart mob and networked protests in Hong Kong. Social Movement Studies, 19(3), 362–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2020.1727736
Ting, T. Y. (2022a). Mundane citizenship on the move: A counter-public response to inbound shopping tourism via mobile social media applications use. Mobile Media & Communication, 10(3), 531–551. https://doi.org/10.1177/20501579221090409
Ting, T. Y. (2022b). Opposing otherness in motion: Mobile activism as transient heterotopia of resistance in Hong Kong’s networked mall protests. Geoforum, 136, 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2022.08.007
Ting, T. Y. (2024). Networking Mobility as Urban Counter Power 1. The Mobile Media Debate, 99–112. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003312963-11
Ting, T. Y., & Chen, W. F. (2021). Embattled consumption scape of tourism: Networked urban contention against inbound tourist shoppers in Hong Kong. In: Ba, C., Frank, S., Müller, C., et al. (editors). The Power of New Urban Tourism: Spaces, Representations and Contestations. Routledge. pp. 118-130.
Urman, A., Ho, J. C., & Katz, S. (2021). Analyzing protest mobilization on Telegram: The case of 2019 Anti-Extradition Bill movement in Hong Kong. PLOS ONE, 16(10), e0256675. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256675
Van Laer, J., & Van Aelst, P. (2010). Internet and social movement action repertoires. Information, Communication & Society, 13(8), 1146–1171. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691181003628307
Wachter, S. M. (2019). What’s fueling the smart city backlash. Available online: https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/whats-behind-backlash-smart-cities/#:~:text=Fears%20over%20privacy%20intrusions%20and,move%20things%20forward%2C%20experts%20say (accessed on 3 May 2024).
Wiig, A. (2015). The empty rhetoric of the smart city: from digital inclusion to economic promotion in Philadelphia. Urban Geography, 37(4), 535–553. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2015.1065686
Willis, K. S., & Aurigi, A. (2020). The Routledge Companion to Smart Cities. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315178387