stunting; subsistence; socio-cultural; mechanisms; prevention; eating behavior

Ahmed, M., Saha, S. M., Hossain, Md. E., et al. (2021). Assessment of livelihood and food poverty status of the floating fishermen in riverine system of Bangladesh. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 4(1), 100219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100219 Aisyah, Suyatno, & Rahfiludin, M. Z. (2019). Factors associated with stunting in first grade children of SDI Taqwiyatul Wathon, Semarang City Coastal Area (Indonesian). Journal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 7, 1–23. Akbar, H., Sarman, & Hadiansyah, M. I. (2021). Education on Tips for Choosing, Processing, and Serving Safe Food to STIKES Graha Medika Students Online Using the Zoom Cloud Meetings Application (Indonesian). Jurnal Pengabdian UntukMu NegeRI, 5(1), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.37859/jpumri.v5i1.2212 Amalia, R. (2016). Relationship between Stress and Milk Fluency in Postpartum Breastfeeding Mothers at RSI A.Yani Surabaya (Indonesian). Journal of Health Sciences, 9(1), 12–16. https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v9i1.178 Amone-Mabuto, M., Mubai, M., Bandeira, S., et al. (2023). Coastal community’s perceptions on the role of seagrass ecosystems for coastal protection and implications for management. Ocean & Coastal Management, 244, 106811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106811 Arida, A., Sofyan, & Fadheila, K. (2015). Analysis of Household Food Security Based on the Proportion of Food Expenditure and Energy Consumption (Case Study of Farmer Households Participating in the Food Independent Village Program in Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar Regency) (Indonesian). Agrisep, 16(1). Ariesa, Y., & Khairani, R. (2019). Factors Affecting Food Security Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Indonesian). Jurnal Ilmiah Abdi Ilmu, 2(1), 8–18. Basri, H., Hadju, V., Zulkifli, A., et al. (2021). Dietary diversity, dietary patterns and dietary intake are associated with stunted children in Jeneponto District, Indonesia. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, S483–S486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.077 Blake, C. E., Monterrosa, E. C., Rampalli, K. K., et al. (2023). Basic human values drive food choice decision-making in different food environments of Kenya and Tanzania. Appetite, 188, 106620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.106620 Cahaya, A. (2015). Fishermen Community in the Coastal Area: A Note from Indonesian Poor Family. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 29–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)00801-1 Castro-Bedriñana, J., Chirinos-Peinado, D., & De La Cruz-Calderón, G. (2021). Predictive model of stunting in the Central Andean region of Peru based on socioeconomic and agri-food determinants. Public Health in Practice, 2, 100112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100112 Chandradewi, A., Ardesa, Y. H., Widiada, I. G. N., et al. (2023). Efforts to Increase Balanced Nutrition Intake to Accelerate Stunting Prevention in Toddlers (Indonesian). Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Sasambo, 5(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.32807/jpms.v5i1.1320 Colozza, D., Wang, Y. C., & Avendano, M. (2023). Does urbanisation lead to unhealthy diets? Longitudinal evidence from Indonesia. Health & Place, 83, 103091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103091 De Sanctis, V., Soliman, A., Alaaraj, N., et al. (2021). Early and Long-term Consequences of Nutritional Stunting: From Childhood to Adulthood: Early and Long-term Consequences of Nutritional Stunting [JB]. Acta Bio Medica Atenei Parmensis, 92(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i1.11346 Dirghayu, K. C., Ulak, N., Poudyal, A., et al. (2021). Household Food Security Access and Nutritional Status among Early Adolescents in a Poor Neighborhood of Sinamangal, Nepal. Current Developments in Nutrition, 5(11), nzab127. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab127 Domili, I., Anasiru, M. A., Napu, A., et al. (2023). Stunting Prevention Through Specific and Sensitive Interventions (Indonesian). JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri), 7(6), 5778. https://doi.org/10.31764/jmm.v7i6.19181 Ecker, O. (2018). Agricultural transformation and food and nutrition security in Ghana: Does farm production diversity (still) matter for household dietary diversity? Food Policy, 79, 271–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.08.002 Eicher-Miller, H. A., Graves, L., McGowan, B., et al. (2023). A Scoping Review of Household Factors Contributing to Dietary Quality and Food Security in Low-Income Households with School-Age Children in the United States. Advances in Nutrition, 14(4), 914–945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2023.05.006 Fahmida, U., Pramesthi, I. L., Kusuma, S., et al. (2022). Problem Nutrients and Food-Based Recommendations for Pregnant Women and Under-Five Children in High-Stunting Districts in Indonesia. Current Developments in Nutrition, 6(5). https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac028 Fatmah, F., & Nurasiah, N. (2010). Eating habits of mothers and children aged 3-5 years in high and low socioeconomic groups in Rambutan and Penggilingan villages, East Jakarta (Indonesian). Makara Journal of Health Research, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.7454/msk.v6i1.22 Fauzi, M., Kastaman, R., & Pujianto, T. (2019). Food Security Mapping at the Coordinating Agency (Indonesian). Industri Pertanian, 01, 1–10. Fisberg, M., Gioia, N., & Maximino, P. (2023). Transgenerational transmission of eating habits. Jornal de Pediatria, 100, S82–S87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.11.007 Fonseka, R. W., McDougal, L., Raj, A., et al. (2022). Measuring the impacts of maternal child marriage and maternal intimate partner violence and the moderating effects of proximity to conflict on stunting among children under 5 in post-conflict Sri Lanka. SSM—Population Health, 18, 101074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101074 Fufa, D. A. (2022). Determinants of stunting in children under five years in dibate district of Ethiopia: A case-control study. Human Nutrition & Metabolism, 30, 200162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200162 Gabain, I. L., Ramsteijn, A. S., & Webster, J. P. (2023). Parasites and childhood stunting—a mechanistic interplay with nutrition, anaemia, gut health, microbiota, and epigenetics. Trends in Parasitology, 39(3), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pt.2022.12.004 Gewirtz, S. (2017). Rethinking education and poverty. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 38(7), 1081–1088. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2017.1349654 Green, L., Kreuter, M. W., Deeds, S. G., et al. (1980). Health education planning: a diagnostic approach. In National Center for Biotechnology Information. Mayfield Publishing. Habib, M., Syahroni, A., Astuti, N., et al. (2021). Factors affecting the eating habits of preschool children (4-6 years old) in terms of balanced nutrition outcomes (Indonesian). Jurnal Tata Boga, 10(1), 12–22. Hardiansyah, & Noorhidayati. (2020). Tree Species Diversity in Mangrove Vegetation on the Coast of Aluh-Aluh Besar Village, Banjar Regency (Indonesian). Jurnal Biologi Dan Pembelajarannya, 12(2), 70–83. https://doi.org/10.20527/wb.v19i1 Hasanah, D. N., Febrianti, F., & Minsarnawati, M. (2013). Eating habits are one of the causes of chronic energy deficiency (Kek) in pregnant women in the obstetrics clinic of Rsi&a Lestari Cirendeu South Tangerang (Indonesian). Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 4, 91–104. https://doi.org/10.22435/kespro.v4i2 Hendriyanto, N., & Prakoso, L. Y. (2023). Use of Village Funds in the Accelerated Convergence Program for Stunting Prevention. Indonesian Journal of Applied and Industrial Sciences (ESA), 2(6), 583–588. https://doi.org/10.55927/esa.v2i6.6930 Hermawan, D., Kurniasari, D., Sandayanti, V., et al. (2023). Relationships of deworming drug consumption and animal protein intake with stunting. Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 23, e00326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00326 Hidayah, I., Hardiansyah, H., & Noorhidayati, N. (2022). Herbaceous Diversity in the Mangrove Area of Aluh-Aluh Estuary. (Indonesian). Jurnal Al-Azhar Indonesia Seri Sains Dan Teknologi, 7(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.36722/sst.v7i1.1090 Hijrawati, Usman, A. N., Syarif, S., et al. (2021). Use of technology for monitoring the development of nutritional status 1000 hpk in stunting prevention in Indonesia. Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, S231–S234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.028 Ilmani, D. A., & Fikawati, S. (2023). Nutrition Intake as a Risk Factor of Stunting in Children Aged 25–30 Months in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. Jurnal Gizi Dan Pangan, 18(2), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2023.18.2.117-126 Ilyasa, F., Zid, M., & Miarsyah, M. (2020). The Effect of Exploitation of Aquatic Natural Resources on Poverty in Fishing Communities (Indonesian). Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Lingkungan Dan Pembangunan, 21(01), 43–58. https://doi.org/10.21009/plpb.211.05 Judijanto, L., Yusuf, R., & Abdillah, R. (2023). Influence of Environmental Factors on Natural Resource Exploration and Climate Change (Indonesian). Jurnal Geosains West Science, 1(03), 134–142. https://doi.org/10.58812/jgws.v1i03.719 Kadir, A. (2016). Eating habits and dietary disorders and their effects on adolescent nutritional status (Indonesian). Jurnal Publikasi Pendidikan, 1, 49–55. Karnik, H., & Peterson, H. H. (2023). Food security among low-income immigrant households and the role of social capital: A case study of Somali-American households in the Midwestern United States. Food Policy, 117, 102456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102456 Kazimierczuk, K., Henderson, C., Duffy, K., et al. (2023). A socio-technical assessment of marine renewable energy potential in coastal communities. Energy Research & Social Science, 100, 103098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103098 Khan Mirzaei, M., Khan, Md. A. A., Ghosh, P., et al. (2020). Bacteriophages Isolated from Stunted Children Can Regulate Gut Bacterial Communities in an Age-Specific Manner. Cell Host & Microbe, 27(2), 199–212.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2020.01.004 Klemm, G. C., Kayanda, R., Kazoba, A., et al. (2022). Translating Multisectoral Nutrition Policy into Community Practice: Participation of Nutrition Officers in Tanzania Fosters Effective Collaborative Strategies to Improve Child Nutrition. Current Developments in Nutrition, 6(4), nzac030. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac030 Kurz, K. M., & Johnson-Welch, C. (2001). Enhancing Women’s Contributions to Improving Family Food Consumption and Nutrition. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 22(4), 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1177/156482650102200418 Larbi Ayisi, C., Sienso, G., Mensah, G. D., et al. (2023). Examining the socio-economic characteristics, fishing patterns and challenges of fishermen at James Town in Ghana. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100591 Leong, C., Gibson, R. S., Diana, A., et al. (2021). Differences in Micronutrient Intakes of Exclusive and Partially Breastfed Indonesian Infants from Resource-Poor Households are Not Accompanied by Differences in Micronutrient Status, Morbidity, or Growth. Journal of Nutrition, 151(3), 705–715. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxaa381 Lestari, Y. V., Sanubari, T. P. E., & Wijaya, F. A. (2022). Food Access of Farmer Households in Qaryah Thayyibah Farmer Group in Salatiga City (Indonesian). Amerta Nutrition, 6(1), 72. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v6i1.2022.72-81 Lindley, J. (2023). Fishing non-compliance and culture. Marine Policy, 152, 105581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105581 Maugliani, A., & Baldi, F. (2023). Surveys as a valid tool for assessing food safety knowledge amongst pregnant women in high-income countries: a rapid review. Reproductive Toxicology, 119, 108411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108411 Mehraban, N., & Ickowitz, A. (2021). Dietary diversity of rural Indonesian households declines over time with agricultural production diversity even as incomes rise. Global Food Security, 28, 100502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100502 Nadila, A., & Herdiani, N. (2024). Feeding Patterns with the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers (Indonesian). Jurnal Kesehatan, 16(1), 1124–1128. https://doi.org/10.32763/vy89xk24 Nasikh, Kamaludin, M., Narmaditya, B. S., et al. (2021). Agricultural land resource allocation to develop food crop commodities: lesson from Indonesia. Heliyon, 7(7), e07520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07520 Nguyen, K. A. T., Nguyen, T. A. T., Bui, C. T. P. N., et al. (2021). Shrimp farmers risk management and demand for insurance in Ben Tre and Tra Vinh Provinces in Vietnam. Aquaculture Reports, 19, 100606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100606 Nurleli, N., Wahyuni, A., Pawenrusi, E. P., & Sudariari, S. (2022). An overview of food sufficiency in fulfilling family nutritional status during the covid-19 pandemic (Indonesian). Jurnal Keperawatan, 14(3), 741–752. Oleszczak, L., Pokutta, D., Chugunov, K., et al. (2023). The food culture of the Iron Age nomadic elite from the ‘Valley of the Kings’ in Tuva: radiocarbon dating, stable carbon and nitrogen analysis of the Chinge Tey barrows (Turan-Uyuk Basin, Russia). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 51, 104186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.104186 Passarelli, S., Sudfeld, C., Davison, K. K., et al. (2022). Caregivers Systematically Overestimate Their Child’s Height-for-Age Relative to Other Children in Rural Ethiopia. Journal of Nutrition, 152(5), 1327–1335. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac015 Prendergast, A. J., & Humphrey, J. H. (2014). The stunting syndrome in developing countries. Paediatrics and International Child Health, 34(4), 250–265. https://doi.org/10.1179/2046905514y.0000000158 Presidential Decree, Pub. L. No. Nomor 72 Tahun 2021 (2021). Available online: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/174964/perpres-no-72-tahun-2021 (accessed on 27 June 2024). Prisylvia, M. D., Amisi, M. D., & Musa, E. C. (2022). Overview of Dietary Patterns in Adolescents in Sarani Matani Village, Tombariri District during the Covid-19 Pandemic (Indonesian). Kesmas, 11(2), 96–103. Retnowulandari, W. (2018). A Review of the “Head of The Family” Concept from The Family Law, Gender Perspective. SHS Web of Conferences, 54, 02008. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185402008 Sadler, K., James, P. T., Bhutta, Z. A., et al. (2022). How Can Nutrition Research Better Reflect the Relationship Between Wasting and Stunting in Children? Learnings from the Wasting and Stunting Project. The Journal of Nutrition, 152(12), 2645–2651. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac091 Salem, M. K., Pitchik, H. O., Sultana, J., et al. (2022). Prevalence of Sugar-Sweetened Food Consumption in Rural Bangladeshi Children Aged 6–24 Months. Journal of Nutrition, 152(9), 2155–2164. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxac119 Sanjaya, A., & Rahmawati, R. (2022). Analysis of Factors Affecting Consumption Patterns of Fishery Products by Communities in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java (Indonesian). Jurnal Gizi Dan Kuliner, 3(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.35706/giziku.v3i1.6888 Saputro, W. A., & Fidayani, Y. (2020). Factors Affecting Food Security of Farmer Households in Klaten District (Indonesian). Jurnal Agrica, 13(2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.31289/agrica.v13i2.4078 Saragih, I. K., Rachmina, D., & Krisnamurthi, B. (2020). Analysis of the Sustainability Status of Community Oil Palm Plantations in Jambi Province (Indonesian). Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 8(1), 17–32. https://doi.org/10.29244/jai.2020.8.1.17-32 Schmidt, M. K., Muslimatun, S., West, C. E., et al. (2002). Nutritional Status and Linear Growth of Indonesian Infants in West Java Are Determined More by Prenatal Environment than by Postnatal Factors. Journal of Nutrition, 132(8), 2202–2207. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/132.8.2202 Schuler, B. R., Daundasekara, S. S., Hernandez, D. C., et al. (2020). Economic hardship and child intake of foods high in saturated fats and added sugars: the mediating role of parenting stress among high-risk families. Public Health Nutrition, 23(15), 2781–2792. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980020001366 Screti, C., Edwards, K., & Blissett, J. (2024). Understanding family food purchasing behaviour of low-income urban UK families: An analysis of parent capability, opportunity and motivation. Appetite, 195, 107183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2023.107183 Seda, F. S. S. E., Setyawati, L., Tirta, T., & Nobel, K. (2020). Dataset on The Cultural Dimension of Urban Society Food Consumption in Indonesia. Data in Brief, 31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105681 Sevriani, S. (2022). The Relationship between Mother's Parenting Patterns in Feeding and the Incidence of Stunting in Toddlers in Jamberejo Village, Kedungadem District, Bojonegoro Regency. In: Repository itskesicme.ac.id, 1. Institut Teknologi Sains dan Kesehatan Insan Cendekia Medika. Shaun, M. M. A., Nizum, M. W. R., & Munny, S. (2023). Determinants of meeting the minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6 to 23 months in Bangladesh: Evidence from a national representative cross-sectional study. Heliyon, 9(6), e17560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17560 Sihite, N. W., & Chaidir, M. S. (2022). Associations of poverty, energy and protein adequacy with the incidence of stunting among children under five years of age at Puskesmas 11 Ilir Palembang (Indonesian). Darussalam Nutrition Journal, 6(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v6i1.7083 Sitaresmi, T., Hairmansis, A., Widyastuti, Y., et al. (2023). Advances in the development of rice varieties with better nutritional quality in Indonesia. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 12, 100602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100602 Sumastuti, E., Tinggi, S., Pertanian, I., & Semarang, F. (2010). Entrepreneurship Spirit to Realize Food Security (Indonesian). In Jejak, 3(1). Surbakti, S. P. P., Muchtar, M., & Sihombing, P. R. (2023). An Analysis of the Effect of Education Level on Poverty in Indonesia for the Period 2015–2021 (Indonesian). Ecoplan, 6(1), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.20527/ecoplan.v6i1.631 Suryani, K., Rini, M. T., Hardika, B. D., et al. (2023). Analysis of Factors Causing the Incidence of Stunting (Indonesian). Jurnal Keperawatan Florence Nightingale, 6(1), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.52774/jkfn.v6i1.112 Suryawan, A. Z. & Lazarosony, N. R. (2021). The effect of Katuk leaf to breastfeeding mother: a literature review. Indonesian Journal of Perinatology, 2(2), 25–28. https://doi.org/10.51559/inajperinatol.v2i2.12 Syahroni, M. H. A., Astuti, N., Indrawati, V., & Ismawati, R. (2021). Factors affecting eating habits (Indonesian). Jurnal Tata Boga, 10(1), 12–22. Tafese, Z., Alemayehu, F. R., Anato, A., et al. (2020). Child Feeding Practice and Primary Health Care as Major Correlates of Stunting and Underweight among 6-to 23-Month-Old Infants and Young Children in Food-Insecure Households in Ethiopia. Current Developments in Nutrition, 4(9). https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa137 Troncoso, M. R., Wilson, C., Scott, J. M., et al. (2023). Exploring Influences of Eating Behaviors Among Emerging Adults in the Military. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 55(5), 331–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2023.02.004 Turner, C., Aggarwal, A., Walls, H., et al. (2018). Concepts and critical perspectives for food environment research: A global framework with implications for action in low- and middle-income countries. Global Food Security, 18, 93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2018.08.003 Umam, K., Umami, L. D., Sa’adati, N. R., et al. (2023). Islamisasi Konsep Sustainable Development Goals 2: Zero Hunger. Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, 3(5), 10804–10820. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v3i5.6187 Wang, M. C., Naidoo, N., Ferzacca, S., et al. (2014). The Role of Women in Food Provision and Food Choice Decision-Making in Singapore: A Case Study. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 53(6), 658–677. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2014.911178 White, C. M., Mangubhai, S., Rumetna, L., et al. (2022). The bridging role of non-governmental organizations in the planning, adoption, and management of the marine protected area network in Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Marine Policy, 141, 105095. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105095 World Bank. (2023). Poverty & Equity Brief—Indonesia. Available online: https://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/poverty/33EF03BB-9722-4AE2-ABC7-AA2972D68AFE/Global_POVEQ_BRA.pdf (accessed on 2 March 2024). World Health Organization. (2024). Weight-for-length/height. Home/Tools and Toolkits/Child Growth Standards/Standards/Weight-for-Length/Height. Available online: https://www.who.int/tools/child-growth-standards/standards/weight-for-length-height (accessed on 2 June 2024). Yuliansyah. (2022). Analysis of Poverty in Indonesia. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(1), 7368–7373.