environmental education; environmental performance; public universities; Saudi Arabia; KFU; waste minimization behaviour

Alam, Md. S., Atif, M., Chien-Chi, C., et al. (2019). Does corporate R&D investment affect firm environmental performance? Evidence from G-6 countries. Energy Economics, 78, 401–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.11.031 Aliedan, M. M., Elshaer, I. A., Alyahya, M. A., et al. (2022). Influences of University Education Support on Entrepreneurship Orientation and Entrepreneurship Intention: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior. Sustainability, 14(20), 13097. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013097 Ambe, B. A., Agbor, C. E., Amalu, M. N., et al. (2024). Electronic media learning technologies and environmental education pedagogy in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 9, 100760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100760 Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108 Boiral, O., Talbot, D., & Paillé, P. (2013). Leading by Example: A Model of Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(6), 532–550. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1835 Brandl, R., Alvarado, A., & Peltomaa, A. (2019). Evaluating efficacy of environmental education programming. School Science and Mathematics, 119(2), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12319 Brendel, U. M., Eberhardt, R. and Wiesmann, K. (2024). Conservation of the Golden Eagle (aquila Chrysaetos) in the European Aplasia Combination of Education, Cooperation, and Modern Techniques. Journal of Raptor Research, 36(5). Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2012). Quantitative data analysis with IBM SPSS (21): A guide for social scientists. Rutledge. Chung, S. S., & Leung, M. M. Y. (2007). The Value-Action Gap in Waste Recycling: The Case of Undergraduates in Hong Kong. Environmental Management, 40(4), 603–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-006-0363-y Christen, M., & Schmidt, S. (2011). A Formal Framework for Conceptions of Sustainability – a Theoretical Contribution to the Discourse in Sustainable Development. Sustainable Development, 20(6), 400–410. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.518 Daily, B. F., Bishop, J. W., & Govindarajulu, N. (2009). A Conceptual Model for Organizational Citizenship Behavior Directed Toward the Environment. Business & Society, 48(2), 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650308315439 Dezdar, S. (2017). Green information technology adoption: influencing factors and extension of theory of planned behavior. Social Responsibility Journal, 13(2), 292–306. https://doi.org/10.1108/srj-05-2016-0064 Elshaer, I. A., Sobaih, A. E. E., Aliedan, M., et al. (2021). The Effect of Green Human Resource Management on Environmental Performance in Small Tourism Enterprises: Mediating Role of Pro-Environmental Behaviors. Sustainability, 13(4), 1956. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041956 Erhabor, N. I., & Don, J. U. (2016). Impact of environmental education on the knowledge and of students towards the environment. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education, 11(12), 5367–5375 https://doi.org/10.25073/0866-773X/68 Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313 Fu, L., Sun, Z., Zha, L., et al. (2020). Environmental awareness and pro-environmental behavior within China’s road freight transportation industry: Moderating role of perceived policy effectiveness. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, 119796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119796 Gharbi, H., Sobaih, A. E. E., Aliane, N., Almubarak, A. (2022). The Role of Innovation Capacities in the Relationship between Green Human Resource Management and Competitive Advantage in the Saudi Food Industry: Does Gender of Entrepreneurs Really Matter? Agriculture, 12(6), 857. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agriculture12060857 Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage. Hecht, A. D., & Fiksel, J. (2015). Solving the problems, we face: The United States Environmental Protection Agency, sustainability, and the challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy, 11(1), 75–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2015.119081 Hong, P., Schmid, B., De Laender, F., et al. (2022). Biodiversity promotes ecosystem functioning despite environmental change. Ecology Letters, 25(2), 555–569. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13936 Igalens, J., & Roussel, P. (1998). Research methods in human resources management (French). Economica. Nesselroade, J. R., & Cattell, R. B. (1988). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. Springer. Jôreskog K, Sorbom D. (1994). LISREL, A Guide of the Program and Applications. SPSS Inc. Jorgenson, S. N., Stephens, J. C., & White, B. (2019). Environmental education in transition: A critical review of recent research on climate change and energy education. The Journal of Environmental Education, 50(3), 160–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.2019.1604478 Judge, W. Q., & Douglas, T. J. (1998). Performance Implications of Incorporating Natural Environmental Issues into the Strategic Planning Process: An Empirical Assessment. Journal of Management Studies, 35(2), 241–262. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00092 KFU. (2024). About the University. Available online: https://www.kfu.edu.sa/en/Pages/AboutKKFU.aspx (accessed 01 May 2024). Kline, P. (2015). A handbook of test construction (psychology revivals): Introduction to psychometric design. Routledge. Lober, D. J. (1996). Evaluating the environmental performance of corporations. Journal of Managerial Issues, 8(2), 184–205 Matsekoleng, T. K., Mapotse, T. A., & Gumbo, M. T. (2024). The role of indigenous games in education: a technology and environmental education perspective. Diaspora, Indigenous, and Minority Education, 18(1), 68–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15595692.2022.2160436 Meadows, M. E. (2020). Geography Education for Sustainable Development. Geography and Sustainability, 1(1), 88–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geosus.2020.02.001 Ojo, A. O., & Fauzi, M. A. (2020). Environmental awareness and leadership commitment as determinants of IT professionals engagement in Green IT practices for environmental performance. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 24, 298–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.017 Ojo, A. O., Tan, C. N. L., & Alias, M. (2022). Linking green HRM practices to environmental performance through pro-environment behaviour in the information technology sector. Social Responsibility Journal, 18(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/srj-12-2019-0403 Paillé, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O., et al. (2014). The Impact of Human Resource Management on Environmental Performance: An Employee-Level Study. Journal of Business Ethics, 121(3), 451–466. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1732-0 Potter, G. (2010). Environmental Education for the 21st Century: Where Do We Go Now? The Journal of Environmental Education, 41(1), 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958960903209975 Ramadhan, S., Sukma, E., & Indriyani, V. (2019). Environmental education and disaster mitigation through language learning. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 314(1), 012054. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/314/1/012054 Ramus, C. A. (2001). Organizational Support for Employees: Encouraging Creative Ideas for Environmental Sustainability. California Management Review, 43(3), 85–105. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166090 Roy, M., & Thérin, F. (2008). Knowledge acquisition and environmental commitment in SMEs. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15(5), 249–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.145 Sobaih, A. E. E., Gharbi, H., Hasanein, A. M., Elnasr, A. E. A. (2022). The Mediating Effects of Green Innovation and Corporate Social Responsibility on the Link between Transformational Leadership and Performance: An Examination Using SEM Analysis. Mathematics, 10, 2685. https://doi.org/10.3390/ math10152685 https://doi.org/10.3390/math10152685 Sobaih, A. E. E., Hasanein, A., Gharbi, H., & Elnasr, A. E. A. (2022). Going Green Together: Effects of Green Transformational Leadership on Employee Green Behaviour and Environmental Performance in the Saudi Food Industry. Agriculture, 12(8), 1100. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081100 Sobaih, A. E. E. (2023). Saudi Zero Food Waste Certification: A Novel Approach for Food Waste Management in Saudi Arabia. Agronomy, 13(6), 1654. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13061654 Sobaih, A. E. E., & Abu Elnasr, A. E. (2023). Exploring the 5Rs Holistic Model for Zero Food Waste in Saudi Arabian Food Service Outlets. Recycling, 8(6), 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling8060091 Shore, L. M., Tetrick, L. E., Lynch, P., et al. (2006). Social and Economic Exchange: Construct Development and Validation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(4), 837–867. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00046.x Temminck, E., Mearns, K., & Fruhen, L. (2015). Motivating Employees towards Sustainable Behaviour. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(6), 402–412. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.1827 UNESCO. (1978). Rapport Final. In: Proceedings of the 1997 Intergovernmental Conference on Environmental Education. Wulandari, A. A., Pertuak, A. C., & Rakuasa, H. (2023). Climate Change and its Impact on Human Health: A Medical Geography Perspective. Journal of Health Science and Medical Therapy, 1(02), 80–90. https://doi.org/10.59653/jhsmt.v1i02.279 Yong, J. Y., Yusliza, M.-Y., & Fawehinmi, O. O. (2020). Green human resource management. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 27(7), 2005–2027. https://doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2018-0438