Islamic banking and finance; bibliometric analysis; Interest-free Banking; citation analysis; content analysis; co-citation analysis; clustering

Abdul-Majid, M., Saal, D. S., & Battisti, G. (2009). Efficiency in Islamic and conventional banking: an international comparison. Journal of Productivity Analysis, 34(1), 25–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11123-009-0165-3 Abdul-Majid, M., Saal, D. S., & Battisti, G. (2011). Efficiency and total factor productivity change of Malaysian commercial banks. The Service Industries Journal, 31(13), 2117–2143. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2010.503882 Abedifar, P., Molyneux, P., & Tarazi, A. (2013). Risk in Islamic banking. Review of finance, 17(6), 2035-2096. Aderemi, A. M. R., & Ishak, M. S. I. (2023). Qard Hasan as a feasible Islamic financial instrument for crowdfunding: its potential and possible application for financing micro-enterprises in Malaysia. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 15(1), 58–76. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-08-2021-0145 Ahmad, H. M. (2024). World’s Best Islamic Banks in 2024. The Halal Times. Available online: https://www.halaltimes.com/worlds-best-islamic-banks-in-2024/ (accessed on 1 April 2024). Ahmed, S., Alshater, M. M., Ammari, A. E., et al. (2022). Artificial intelligence and machine learning in finance: A bibliometric review. Research in International Business and Finance, 61, 101646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2022.101646 Ajmi, A. N., Hammoudeh, S., Nguyen, D. K., & Sarafrazi, S. (2014). How strong are the causal relationships between Islamic stock markets and conventional financial systems? Evidence from linear and nonlinear tests. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 28, 213-227. Al-Khazali, O., & Mirzaei, A. (2017). Stock market anomalies, market efficiency and the adaptive market hypothesis: Evidence from Islamic stock indices. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 51, 190–208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2017.10.001 Alqahtani, F., Mayes, D. G., & Brown, K. (2017). Islamic bank efficiency compared to conventional banks during the global crisis in the GCC region. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 51, 58–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2017.08.010 Ashraf, D., Rizwan, M. S., & Azmat, S. (2021). Not one but three decisions in sukuk issuance: Understanding the role of ownership and governance. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 69, 101423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2020.101423 Atal, N. U., Iranmanesh, M., Hashim, F., et al. (2022). Drivers of intention to use Murabaha financing: religiosity as moderator. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(3), 740–762. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-07-2019-0147 Azmat, S., Azad, A. S. M. S., Bhatti, M. I., et al. (2020). Islamic Banking, Costly Religiosity, And Competition. Journal of Financial Research, 43(2), 263–303. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfir.12207 Baele, L., Farooq, M., & Ongena, S. (2014). Of religion and redemption: Evidence from default on Islamic loans. Journal of Banking & Finance, 44, 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2014.03.005 Banna, H., Hassan, M. K., Ahmad, R., et al. (2022). Islamic banking stability amidst the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of digital financial inclusion. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 15(2), 310–330. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-08-2020-0389 Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Merrouche, O. (2013). Islamic vs. conventional banking: Business model, efficiency and stability. Journal of Banking & Finance, 37(2), 433–447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2012.09.016 Belkhaoui, S. (2023). Banking system and economic growth linkages in MENA region: complementarity and substitutability between Islamic and conventional banking. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(2), 267–288. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-03-2021-0091 Belyadi, H., & Haghighat, A. (2021). Unsupervised machine learning: clustering algorithms. Machine Learning Guide for Oil and Gas Using Python, 125–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821929-4.00002-0 Ben Amar, A., & O. El Alaoui, A. (2023). Profit- and loss-sharing partnership: the case of the two-tier mudharaba in Islamic banking. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 16(1), 81–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-12-2020-0630 Ben Naceur, S., Barajas, A., & Massara, A. (2015). Can Islamic Banking Increase Financial Inclusion? IMF Working Papers, 15(31), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781498370813.001 Blanco-Mesa, F., Merigó, J. M., & Gil-Lafuente, A. M. (2017). Fuzzy decision making: A bibliometric-based review. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 32(3), 2033–2050. https://doi.org/10.3233/jifs-161640 Boubaker, S., Uddin, M. H., Kabir, S. H., et al. (2022). Does cost-inefficiency in Islamic banking matter for earnings uncertainty? Review of Accounting and Finance, 22(1), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1108/raf-07-2022-0193 Chen, C. (2005). CiteSpace II: Detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 57(3), 359–377. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20317 Chen, C. (2014). The Citespace Manual. College of Computing and Informatics, 1(1), 1-84. Chen, C., Zhuang, Y., & Xiao, J. (2010). Silhouette representation and matching for 3D pose discrimination – A comparative study. Image and Vision Computing, 28(4), 654–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2009.10.008 Chong, B. S., & Liu, M.-H. (2009). Islamic banking: Interest-free or interest-based? Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 17(1), 125–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2007.12.003 Cihák, M., & Hesse, H. (2008). Islamic Banks and Financial Stability: An Empirical Analysis. IMF Working Papers, 08(16), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451868784.001 Čihák, M., & Hesse, H. (2010). Islamic Banks and Financial Stability: An Empirical Analysis. Journal of Financial Services Research, 38(2–3), 95–113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10693-010-0089-0 Comerio, N., & Strozzi, F. (2018). Tourism and its economic impact: A literature review using bibliometric tools. Tourism Economics, 25(1), 109–131. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816618793762 Dewandaru, G., Rizvi, S. A. R., Masih, R., et al. (2014). Stock market co-movements: Islamic versus conventional equity indices with multi-timescales analysis. Economic Systems, 38(4), 553–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2014.05.003 EI Qorchi, M. (2005). Islamic finance gears up. International Monetary Fund. pp. 46-49. Ergeç, E. H., & Arslan, B. G. (2013). Impact of interest rates on Islamic and conventional banks: the case of Turkey. Applied Economics, 45(17), 2381–2388. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2012.665598 Fakhfekh, M., Hachicha, N., Jawadi, F., et al. (2016). Measuring volatility persistence for conventional and Islamic banks: An FI-EGARCH approach. Emerging Markets Review, 27, 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2016.03.004 Farooq, M., & Zaheer, S. (2015). Are Islamic Banks More Resilient During Financial Panics? Pacific Economic Review, 20(1), 101–124. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0106.12096 Gassouma, M. S., Benhamed, A., & El Montasser, G. (2023). Investigating similarities between Islamic and conventional banks in GCC countries: a dynamic time warping approach. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 16(1), 103–129. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-11-2020-0565 Ghaffour, A. R. (2024). Keynote address-Third Fitch Ratings Islamic Finance Symposium 2024. Organised by Fitch Ratings, Kuala Lumpur. Available online: https://www.bis.org/review/r240306d.htm (accessed on 1 April 2024). Gheeraert, L. (2014). Does Islamic finance spur banking sector development? Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 103, S4–S20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2014.02.013 Godlewski, C. J., Turk-Ariss, R., & Weill, L. (2013). Sukuk vs. conventional bonds: A stock market perspective. Journal of Comparative Economics, 41(3), 745-761. Haddou, S., & Mkhinini, S. (2022). Investigating the linkage between Shariah board size, liquidity risk and bank stability through an asymmetric lens. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(4), 652–674. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-03-2022-0074 Hambali, A., & Adhariani, D. (2022). Sustainability performance at stake during COVID-19 pandemic? Evidence from Sharia-compliant companies in emerging markets. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 14(1), 80–99. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-01-2022-0014 Hamidi, M. L., & Worthington, A. C. (2023). Beyond the triple bottom line: Prosperity, People, Planet, and Prophet in Islamic banking. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(2), 394–409. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-02-2021-0036 Hanic, A., & Smolo, E. (2023). Islamic approach to corporate social responsibility: an international model for Islamic banks. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 16(1), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-07-2021-0284 Haniffa, R., & Hudaib, M. (2007). Exploring the ethical identity of Islamic banks via communication in annual reports. Journal of business Ethics, 76, 97-116. Hassan, M. K., & Aliyu, S. (2018). A contemporary survey of islamic banking literature. Journal of Financial Stability, 34, 12–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2017.11.006 Hayat, R., & Kraeussl, R. (2011). Risk and return characteristics of Islamic equity funds. Emerging markets review, 12(2), 189-203. Haziaton, M., Noor, M., Bakri, M., et al. (2020). The Determinants of The Bank Regulation and Supervision on The Efficiency of Islamic Banks in Different Country's Income Level*. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(12), 721-730. https://10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no12.721 Hoque, M. E., Nik Hashim, N. M. H., & Azmi, M. H. B. (2018). Moderating effects of marketing communication and financial consideration on customer attitude and intention to purchase Islamic banking products. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 9(4), 799–822. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-01-2017-0005 Ho, C. S. F., Abd Rahman, N. A., Yusuf, N. H. M., & Zamzamin, Z. (2014). Performance of global Islamic versus conventional share indices: International evidence. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 28, 110-121. Hoepner, A. G., Rammal, H. G., & Rezec, M. (2011). Islamic mutual funds’ financial performance and international investment style: evidence from 20 countries. The European Journal of Finance, 17(9-10), 829-850. Jatmiko, W., Ebrahim, M. S., Iqbal, A., et al. (2023). Can trade credit rejuvenate Islamic banking? Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, 60(1), 111–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-022-01092-6 Johnes, J., Izzeldin, M., & Pappas, V. (2014). A comparison of performance of Islamic and conventional banks 2004–2009. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 103, S93-S107. Khan, F. (2010). How ‘islamic’is islamic banking? Journal of economic behavior & organization, 76(3), 805-820. Li, K., Rollins, J., & Yan, E. (2017). Web of Science use in published research and review papers 1997–2017: a selective, dynamic, cross-domain, content-based analysis. Scientometrics, 115(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2622-5 Liu, W. (2019). The data source of this study is Web of Science Core Collection? Not enough. Scientometrics, 121(3), 1815–1824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-019-03238-1 Malik, Bilal A. & Khaki, G. N. (2015). Scope and Feasibility of Islamic Banking And Finance Model Kazakhstan & Indian Perspective. Journal of Central Asian Studies, XXII, 83-98. Maali, B., Casson, P., & Napier, C. (2006). Social reporting by Islamic banks. Abacus, 42(2), 266-289. Merchant, H., & Gaur, A. (2008). Opening the ‘Non-Manufacturing’ envelope: The next big enterprise for international business research. Management International Review, 48(4), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-008-0022-z Mindra, R., Bananuka, J., Kaawaase, T., et al. (2022). Attitude and Islamic banking adoption: moderating effects of pricing of conventional bank products and social influence. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 13(3), 534–567. https://doi.org/10.1108/jiabr-02-2021-0068 Mohd Dali, N.R. S., Yousafzai, S. Y., & Hamid, H. A. (2013). The Development of Islamic Banking and Finance. Underpinning Theory Affecting Islamic Banking Consumers Post Purchase Behaviour. In: 2nd International on Asean Economic Development organised by Faculty of Economics; Thailand. Muhammad, T., & Bin Ngah, B. (2023). Mediating role of customer’s satisfaction on Jaiz bank products: a model development. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(1), 215–235. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-08-2020-0241 Naifar, N. (2014). Credit Default Sharing Instead of Credit Default Swaps: Toward a More Sustainable Financial System. Journal of Economic Issues, 48(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.2753/jei0021-3624480101 Nomran, N. M., & Haron, R. (2021). Financial Performance in Islamic Banking and Shari’ah Supervision under Interventionist Regulatory Approach: A System-GMM Dynamic Panel Analysis. Turkish Journal of Islamic Economics, 8(1), 59–86. https://doi.org/10.26414/a095 Omran, M. G. H., Engelbrecht, A. P., & Salman, A. (2007). An overview of clustering methods. Intelligent Data Analysis, 11(6), 583–605. https://doi.org/10.3233/ida-2007-11602 Platonova, E., Asutay, M., Dixon, R., & Mohammad, S. (2018). The impact of corporate social responsibility disclosure on financial performance: Evidence from the GCC Islamic banking sector. Journal of business ethics, 151, 451-471. Qureshi, M. F. (2018). Concepts Of Islamic Banking & Finance In The Light Of Quran & Sunnah. Wiley Publishing House. R.V., S., Annamalai, B., et al. (2024). Consumer behavior in Islamic banking: a systematic literature review and agenda for future research. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(5), 1326–1349. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-06-2023-0195 Safieddine, A. (2009). Islamic Financial Institutions and Corporate Governance: New Insights for Agency Theory. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(2), 142–158. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2009.00729.x Safiullah, M., & Shamsuddin, A. (2018). Risk in Islamic banking and corporate governance. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 47, 129–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2017.12.008 Said, L. R., Bilal, K., Aziz, S., et al. (2022). A comparison of conventional versus Islamic banking customers attitudes and judgment. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 27(3), 206–220. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-021-00113-0 Saiti, B., Ardo, A. A., & Yumusak, I. G. (2022). Why non-Muslims subscribe to Islamic banking? Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 14(2), 247–269. https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-01-2018-0005 Samsudeen, S. N., Selvaratnam, G., & Hayathu Mohamed, A. H. (2022). Intention to use mobile banking services: an Islamic banking customers’ perspective from Sri Lanka. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(2), 410–433. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-05-2019-0108 Shabbirhusain, R. V., Annamalai, B., & Chandrasekaran, S. (2024). What to Say: Demystifying Tourism Content Marketing Strategy. Tourism Review International. Shamsudheen, S. V., & Muneeza, A. (2022). Depicting ethical dilemma in Islamic financial institutions; addressing the gender heterogeneity. Eurasian Economic Review, 12(1), 29–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-021-00196-z Shamsudheen, S. V., & Rosly, S. A. (2023). Organizational decision-making behaviour related to ethical issues, developing scale with special reference to “inter-variable circular causality and religious (Islamic) discourse.” International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 39(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-05-2021-0105 Small, H. (1973). Co‐citation in the scientific literature: A new measure of the relationship between two documents. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 24(4), 265–269. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.4630240406 Surwase, G., Sagar, A., Kademani, B., et al. (2011). Co-citation Analysis: An Overview. In: Beyond Librarianship: Creativity, Innovation and Discovery; 16-17 September 2011; Mumbai, India. van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2009). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3 Wu, Y.-C. J., & Wu, T. (2017). A decade of entrepreneurship education in the Asia Pacific for future directions in theory and practice. Management Decision, 55(7), 1333–1350. https://doi.org/10.1108/md-05-2017-0518 Yusfiarto, R., Sunarsih, S., & Darmawan, D. (2023). Understanding Muslim’s switching from cash to m-payments: based on push-pull-mooring framework. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(2), 342–365. https://doi.org/10.1108/jima-05-2021-0135 Zarrouk, H., Ben Jedidia, K., & Moualhi, M. (2016). Is Islamic bank profitability driven by same forces as conventional banks? International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 9(1), 46–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/imefm-12-2014-0120