Patronage loss and bicycles: Factors influencing mode transition from a strategic digital city perspective

Luis André Wernecke Fumagalli, Denis Alcides Rezende, Thiago André Guimarães

Article ID: 5452
Vol 8, Issue 8, 2024

VIEWS - 1031 (Abstract)

Abstract


Sustainability is a top priority for municipal administrations, particularly in large urban centers where citizens rely on transportation for work, study, and daily errands. Public transportation faces a significant challenge beyond availability, performance, safety, and comfort: balancing the cost for the city with fare attractiveness for passengers. Meanwhile, bicycles, supported by public incentives due to their clean and healthy appeal, compete with public transit. In Curitiba, the integrated transport system has been consistently losing passengers, exacerbated by the pandemic and the rise in private vehicle usage. To address this, the city is expanding bicycle infrastructure and electric bike rental services, impacting public transit revenue, and prompting the need for financial compensation to maintain affordable fares for those reliant on public transport. Therefore, this study’s objective is to analyze the bicycle’s impact on public transportation, considering the impact of public policies on economic and social efficiency, not just ecological and environmental factors. Data from six main bus lines were collected and analyzed in two separate linear regression models to verify the effects of new bicycles in circulation, bus tariffs, and weather conditions on public transportation demand. Research results revealed a significant impact of bus tariffs and fuel prices on the number of new bicycles that are diverting passengers from public transportation. The discussion may offer a different perspective on public transport policies and improve city infrastructure investments to strategically change the urban form to address social and economic issues.


Keywords


city administration; transport policy; sustainability in public transportation; bicycles impact

Full Text:

PDF


References


Bergström, A., & Magnusson, R. (2003). Potential of transferring car trips to bicycle during winter. Transportation Research—Part A Policy and Practice, 37, 649–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-8564(03)00012-0 Bordagaray, M., dell’Olio, L., Ibeas, A., et al. (2013). Modelling user perception of bus transit quality considering user and service heterogeneity. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science, 10(8), 705–721. https://doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2013.823579 Brand, C., Anable, J., & Morton, C. (2018). Lifestyle, efficiency and limits: modelling transport energy and emissions using a socio-technical approach. Energy Efficiency, 12(1), 187–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-018-9678-9 Cats, O., West, J., & Eliasson, J. (2016). A dynamic stochastic model for evaluating congestion and crowding effects in transit systems. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 89, 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2016.04.001 Chen, J., & Li, S. (2017). Mode Choice Model for Public Transport with Categorized Latent Variables. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2017, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7861945 Dimter, S., Stober, D., & Zagvozda, M. (2019). Strategic Planning of Cycling Infrastructure Towards Sustainable City Mobility—Case Study Osijek, Croatia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 471, 092022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/9/092022 Emond, C. R., Tang, W., & Handy, S. L. (2009). Explaining Gender Difference in Bicycling Behavior. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2125(1), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.3141/2125-03 Fernández-Heredia, Á., Monzón, A., & Jara-Díaz, S. (2014). Understanding cyclists’ perceptions, keys for a successful bicycle promotion. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 63, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.02.013 Fontoura, W. B., Chaves, G. de L. D., & Ribeiro, G. M. (2019). The Brazilian urban mobility policy: The impact in São Paulo transport system using system dynamics. Transport Policy, 73, 51–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.09.014 Fu, L., & Farber, S. (2017). Bicycling frequency: A study of preferences and travel behavior in Salt Lake City, Utah. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 101, 30–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.05.004 Fumagalli, L. A. W., Rezende, D. A., & Guimarães, T. A. (2022). Data Intelligence in Public Transportation: Sustainable and Equitable Solutions to Urban Modals in Strategic Digital City Subproject. Sustainability, 14(8), 4683. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14084683 Hasani, M., Jahangiri, A., Sener, I. N., et al. (2019). Identifying High-Risk Intersections for Walking and Bicycling Using Multiple Data Sources in the City of San Diego. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2019, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9072358 Heinen, E., Maat, K., & Wee, B. van. (2011). The role of attitudes toward characteristics of bicycle commuting on the choice to cycle to work over various distances. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 16(2), 102–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2010.08.010 Hu, L., & Schneider, R. J. (2015). Shifts between Automobile, Bus, and Bicycle Commuting in an Urban Setting. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 141(2). https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000214 Kennedy, C. A. (2002). A comparison of the sustainability of public and private transportation systems: Study of the Greater Toronto Area. Transportation, 29(4), 459. Koo, J., & Choo, S. (2022). Identification of Causal Relationship between Attitudinal Factors and Intention to Use Transportation Mode. Sustainability, 14(24), 16806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416806 Liu, C., Susilo, Y. O., & Karlström, A. (2015). The influence of weather characteristics variability on individual’s travel mode choice in different seasons and regions in Sweden. Transport Policy, 41, 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.01.001 Moreno Gonzalez, E., Romana, M.G., & Martinez Alvaro, O. (2012). Bus Dwell-Time Model of Main Urban Route Stops Case Study in Madrid, Spain. Transportation Research Record, 2274(1), 126–134. https://doi.org/10.3141/2274-14 Nosal, T., & Miranda-Moreno, L. F. (2014). The effect of weather on the use of North American bicycle facilities: A multi-city analysis using automatic counts. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 66, 213–225. Pucher, J., Dill, J., & Handy, S. (2010). Infrastructure, programs, and policies to increase bicycling: An international review. Preventive Medicine, 50, S106–S125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.07.028 Rezende, D. A., Almeida, G. G. F., & Fumagalli, L. A. W. (2024). Strategic Digital City: Multiple Projects for Sustainable Urban Management. Sustainability, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16130000 Rissel, C., Crane, M., Standen, C., et al. (2018). Public support for bicycling and transport policies in inner Sydney, Australia: A cross-sectional survey. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 42(3), 309–314. Roos, J. M., Sprei, F., & Holmberg, U. (2020). Sociodemography, geography, and personality as determinants of car driving and use of public transportation. Behavioral Sciences, 10(6), 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10060093 Swamni, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Snelgar, R., et al. (2020). Egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric environmental concerns: A path analytic investigation of their determinants. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 51, 139–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00760.x Schwinger, F., Tanriverdi, B., Jarke, M. (2022). Comparing Micromobility with Public Transportation Trips in a Data-Driven Spatio-Temporal Analysis. Sustainability 2022, 14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148247 Spreafico, C., Russo, D. (2020). Exploiting the scientific literature for performing life cycle assessment about transportation. Sustainability, 12(18), 7548. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187548 Swiers, R., Pritchard, C., & Gee, I. (2017). A cross sectional survey of attitudes, behaviours, barriers and motivators to cycling in University students. Journal of Transport & Health, 6, 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.07.005 URBS. (2023). Urbanization of Curitiba S. A. (Portuguese). Available online: https://www.urbs.curitiba.pr.gov.br/ (accessed on 5 May 2023). Yazdanpanah, M., & Hadji Hosseinlou, M. (2017). The Role of Personality Traits through Habit and Intention on Determining Future Preferences of Public Transport Use. Behavioral Sciences, 7(4), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs7010008



DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5452

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Luis André Wernecke Fumagalli, Denis Alcides Rezende, Thiago André Guimarães

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.