Carbon sequestration analysis of the university campuses in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region
Vol 8, Issue 6, 2024
VIEWS - 427 (Abstract) 169 (PDF)
Abstract
Due to the gradual growth of urbanization in cities, urban forests can play an essential role in sequestering atmospheric carbon, trapping pollution, and providing recreational spaces and ecosystem services. However, in many developing countries, the areas of urban forests have sharply been declining due to the lack of conservation incentives. While many green city spaces have been on the decline in Thailand, most university campuses are primarily covered by trees and have been serving as urban forests. In this study, the carbon sequestration of the university campuses in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region was analyzed using geoinformatics technology, Sentinal-2 satellite data, and aerial drone photos. Seventeen campuses were selected as study areas, and the dendrometric parameters in the tree databases of two areas at Chulalongkorn University and Thammasat University were used for validation. The results showed that the weight average carbon stock density of the selected university campuses is 46.77 tons per hectare and that the total carbon stock and sequestration of the study area are 22,546.97 tons and 1402.78 tons per year, respectively. Many universities in Thailand have joined the Green University Initiative (UI) and UI GreenMetric ranking and have implemented several campus improvements while focusing on environmental concerns. Overall, the used methods in this study can be useful for university leaders and policymakers to obtain empirical evidence for developing carbon storage solutions and campus development strategies to realize green universities and urban sustainability.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anantsuksomsri, S., & Tontisirin, N. (2015). The Impacts of Mass Transit Improvements on Residential Land Development Values: Evidence from the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. Urban Policy and Research, 33(2), 195–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2014.982791
Bekisoglu, H. Ü., & Keyis, N. (2023). Association of urban green spaces with urban ecological zones. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 7(2), 2800. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v7i2.2800
Bindu, G., Rajan, P., Jishnu, E. S., et al. (2020). Carbon stock assessment of mangroves using remote sensing and geographic information system. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 23(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrs.2018.04.006
Bangkok Metropolitan Region & Japan International Cooperation Agency. (2015). Executive summary: The Bangkok master plan on climate Change 2013-2023. Available online: https://www.jica.go.jp/project/thailand/030/materials/ku57pq00003snuz2-att/summary_en.pdf (accessed on 15 November 2020).
Bremer, M., Frisa, E., Maccarone, R., et al. (2020). Campus Forest Carbon Sequestration: An Undergraduate Project Experience. Journal of Sustainability Education, 24, 1-15.
Cairns, M. A., Brown, S., Helmer, E. H., et al. (1997). Root biomass allocation in the world’s upland forests. Oecologia, 111(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420050201
Chulalongkorn University. (2018). CU ranked 2nd best Green University in Thailand and top in waste and transportation. Available online: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/news/5805/ (accessed on 15 November 2020).
Chulalongkorn University. (2020). Chulalongkorn University Sustainability Report 2018-2020. Available online: http://www.sustainability.chula.ac.th/media/CU_SD_Report2018_20.pdf (accessed on 12 March 2021).
Chulalongkorn University. (2023). Chula’s Pledge to Be Net Zero - Chula Unveiled 5 Key Strategies to Become the “University with Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions” by 2050. Available online: https://www.chula.ac.th/en/highlight/116406/ (accessed on 17 November 2023).
Cox, H. M. (2012). A Sustainability Initiative to Quantify Carbon Sequestration by Campus Trees. Journal of Geography, 111(5), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221341.2011.628046
Dahle, M., & Neumayer, E. (2001). Overcoming barriers to campus greening. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 2(2), 139–160. https://doi.org/10.1108/14676370110388363
De Villiers, C., Chen, S., jin, C., et al. (2014). Carbon sequestered in the trees on a university campus: a case study. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 5(2), 149–171. https://doi.org/10.1108/sampj-11-2013-0048
Delphin, S., Escobedo, F. J., Abd-Elrahman, A., et al. (2016). Urbanization as a land use change driver of forest ecosystem services. Land Use Policy, 54, 188–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.02.006
Eloka-Eboka, A. C., Bwapwa, J. K., & Maroa, S. (2020). Biomass for CO2 Sequestration. Encyclopedia of Renewable and Sustainable Materials, 277–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.11029-x
Escobedo, F. J., Kroeger, T., & Wagner, J. E. (2011). Urban forests and pollution mitigation: Analyzing ecosystem services and disservices. Environmental Pollution, 159(8–9), 2078–2087. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.01.010
Fujimoto, M., Puangchit, L., Sugawara, F., et al. (2016). Carbon Sequestration Estimation of Urban Trees in Parks and Streets of Bangkok Metropolitan, Thailand. Thai Journal of Forestry, 35(3), 30-41.
Guerrieri, M., La Gennusa, M., Peri, G., et al. (2019). University campuses as small-scale models of cities: Quantitative assessment of a low carbon transition path. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 113, 109263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.109263
Heo, H. K., Lee, D. K., Park, J. H., et al. (2019). Estimating the heights and diameters at breast height of trees in an urban park and along a street using mobile LiDAR. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 15(3), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-019-00379-6
Hooi, K. K., Hassan, F., & Mat, M. C. (2012). An Exploratory Study of Readiness and Development of Green University Framework in Malaysia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 50, 525–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.056
Huang, L., Wu, J., & Yan, L. (2015). Defining and measuring urban sustainability: a review of indicators. Landscape Ecology, 30(7), 1175–1193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0208-2
Intasen, M., Hauer, R. J., Werner, L. P., et al. (2016). Urban forest assessment in Bangkok, Thailand. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 36(2), 148–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/10549811.2016.1265455
Intergovernment Panel on Climate Change. (2006). National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme. In: Eggleston S, Buendia L, Miwa K, Ngara T, Tanabe K (editors). 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. IGES.
Jaman, M. S., Hossain, M. F., Islam, M. S., et al. (2016). Quantification of carbon stock and tree diversity of homegardens in Rangpur District, Bangladesh. International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 6(5), 169-180.
Jaman, S., Zhang, X., & Islam, F. (2020). Carbon storage and tree diversity in the urban vegetation of Dhaka city, Bangladesh: a study based on intensive field investigation. Arboricultural Journal, 42(2), 76–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/03071375.2020.1755186
Kaewkhow, S., Srivanit, M. (2021). A Case Study on the Visual Assessment of Tree Health Status and Risk - Useful GIS-based Tool for Urban Tree Management in Thailand. Arboraicultural Research and Education Academy, 16(2), 6-12.
Karsenty, A., Blanco, C., Dufour, T. (2003). Instruments related to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and their potential for sustainable forest management in Africa. Available online: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ac836e.pdf (accessed on 15 November 2020).
Kasetsart University. (2018). Green Campus University. Available online: http://kugreensdgs.ku.ac.th/2-11-please-provide-total-carbon-footprint-co2-emission-in-the-last-12-months-in-metric-tons/ (accessed on 8 October 2020).
Kjelgren, R., Trisurat, Y., Puangchit, L., et al. (2011). Tropical Street Trees and Climate Uncertainty in Southeast Asia. HortScience, 46(2), 167–172. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.46.2.167
Köhl, M., Neupane, P. R., & Lotfiomran, N. (2017). The impact of tree age on biomass growth and carbon accumulation capacity: A retrospective analysis using tree ring data of three tropical tree species grown in natural forests of Suriname. PLOS ONE, 12(8), e0181187. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181187
Lal, R. (2007). Carbon sequestration. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363(1492), 815–830. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2185
Liu, C., & Li, X. (2012). Carbon storage and sequestration by urban forests in Shenyang, China. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 11(2), 121–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2011.03.002
Mazhar, M. U., Bull, R., Lemon, M., et al. (2019). Carbon Management Planning in UK Universities: A Journey to Low Carbon Built Environment. In: Filho WL, Leal-Arcas R (editors). University Initiatives in Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Springer International Publishing. pp. 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89590-1_3
McPherson, G. E., Nowak, D. J., & Rowntree, R. A. (1994). Chicago’s urban forest ecosystem: results of the Chicago Urban Forest Climate Project. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experimental Station. https://doi.org/10.2737/ne-gtr-186
MHESRI. (2018). Higher education statistics. Available online: https://info.mhesi.go.th/homestat_academy.php (accessed on 8 October 2020).
Muhd Nor, N. H., Selamat, S. N., Abd Rashid, M. H., et al. (2016). Carbon Sequestration and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) in Southeast Asia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 725, 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/725/1/012010
Myeong, S., Nowak, D. J., & Duggin, M. J. (2006). A temporal analysis of urban forest carbon storage using remote sensing. Remote Sensing of Environment, 101(2), 277–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.12.001
National Economic and Social Development Board. (2017). The twelfth national economic and social development plan (2017-2021). Available online: http://www.nesdb.go.th/nesdb_en/ewt_dl_link.php?nid=4345 (accessed on 10 November 2020).
Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E. (2000). The Urban Forest Effects (UFORE) Model: Quantifying urban forest structure and functions. In: Hansen M, Burk T (editors). Proceedings of the Integrated tools for natural resources inventories in the 21st century. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station. pp. 714-720.
Nowak, D. J., Crane, D. E. (2002). Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees in the USA. Environmental Pollution, 116(3), 381-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00214-7
Office of the National Economic and Social Development Board. (2017). Summary of the Twelfth National Economic and Social Development Plan (2017-2021). Available online: https://www.sme.go.th/upload/mod_download/download-20201012120836.pdf (accessed on 10 November 2020).
Ogawa, H., Yoda, K., Ogino, K., Kira, T. (1965). Comparative ecological studies on three main types of forest vegetation in Thailand II. Natural & Life in Southeast Asia, 4, 49-80.
Phuynongpho, S. (2021). Organization Carbon Footprint Assessment of Mahidol University International College. In: Srisatit T, Wirojanagud W, Sriprateep K, et al. (editors). Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Environmental Engineering, Science and Management; 12-13 May 2021. pp. 387-393.
Poosaksai, P., Diloksumpun, S., Poolsiri, R., et al. (2018). Biomass and carbon storage of four forest tree species at Prachuap Khiri Khan Silvicultural research station, Prachuap Khiri Khan province. Thai Journal of Forestry, 37(2), 13-26.
Qian, F., & Yang, L. (2018). Green Campus Environmental Design Based on Sustainable Theory. Journal of Clean Energy Technologies, 6(2), 159–164. https://doi.org/10.18178/jocet.2018.6.2.453
Rahai, R., Wells, N. M., & Evans, G. W. (2023). School greenspace is associated with enhanced benefits of academic interventions on annual reading improvement for children of color in California. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 86, 101966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.101966
Schleussner, C. F., Rogelj, J., Schaeffer, M., et al. (2016). Science and policy characteristics of the Paris Agreement temperature goal. Nature Climate Change, 6(9), 827–835. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3096
Sedjo, R., & Sohngen, B. (2012). Carbon Sequestration in Forests and Soils. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 4(1), 127–144. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-083110-115941
Shrestha, S., Karky, B., & Karki, S. (2014). Case Study Report: REDD+ Pilot Project in Community Forests in Three Watersheds of Nepal. Forests, 5(10), 2425–2439. https://doi.org/10.3390/f5102425
Srivanit, M., Kaewkhow, S., Latcharote, P. (2021). Development of an urban tree inventory and monitoring system to support a smart green city’s arboriculture information management. In: Proceeding of the 12th Built Environment Research Associates Conference, BERAC2021; Bangkok, Thailand; 4 June 2021. pp. 602-611.
Zhao, S., Tang, Y., & Chen, A. (2016). Carbon Storage and Sequestration of Urban Street Trees in Beijing, China. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2016.00053
Terakunpisut, J., Gajaseni, N., Ruankawe, N. (2007). Carbon sequestration potential in aboveground biomass of Thong Pha Phum National Forest, Thailand. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 5(2), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/0502_093102
Thaiutsa, B., Puangchit, L., Kjelgren, R., et al. (2008). Urban green space, street tree and heritage large tree assessment in Bangkok, Thailand. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 7(3), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2008.03.002
Thammasat University. (2019). Life at Thammasat. Available online: https://tu.ac.th/en/campuslife (accessed on 22 October 2021).
UI Green Metric. (2021). Overall ranking 2021. Available online: https://greenmetric.ui.ac.id/rankings/overall-rankings-2021 (accessed on 3 March 2022).
Usubharatana, P., Phungrussami, H. (2014). Carbon footprint of organization: Case study for Thammasat University. Thai Science and Technology Journal, 22(1), 1-12.
Wallace, L., Lucieer, A., Watson, C., et al. (2012). Development of a UAV-LiDAR System with Application to Forest Inventory. Remote Sensing, 4(6), 1519–1543. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs4061519
Ward, K. T., & Johnson, G. R. (2007). Geospatial methods provide timely and comprehensive urban forest information. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 6(1), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2006.11.002
Wattanakuljarus, A. (2012). Carbon taxes to cool earth: Costs and benefits to Thai economy. NIDA Case Research Journal, 4(2), 1-40.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i6.3385
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Sutee Anantsuksomsri, Korrakot Positlimpakul, Paron Chatakul, Dalin Janpathompong, Gang Chen, Nij Tontisirin
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.