Chatbots for customer service in financial entities—A comprehensive systematic review
Vol 8, Issue 16, 2024
VIEWS - 2005 (Abstract)
Abstract
The integration of chatbots in the financial sector has significantly improved customer service processes, providing efficient solutions for query management and problem resolution. These automated systems have proven to be valuable tools in enhancing operational efficiency and customer satisfaction in financial institutions. This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the impact of chatbots in customer service within the financial sector. A review of 61 relevant publications from 2018 to 2024 was conducted. Articles were selected from databases such as Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ARDI, Web of Science, and ProQuest. The findings highlight that efficiency and customer satisfaction are central to the perception of service quality, aligning with the automation of the user experience. The bibliometric analysis reveals a predominance of publications from countries such as India, Germany, and Australia, underscoring the academic and practical relevance of the topic. Additionally, essential thematic terms such as “artificial intelligence” and “advanced automation” were identified, reflecting technological evolution in this field. This study provides significant insights for future theoretical, practical, and managerial developments, offering a framework to optimize chatbot implementation in highly regulated environments.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
- Abdulquadri, A., Mogaji, E., Kieu, T. A., and Nguyen, N. P. (2021). Digital transformation in financial services provision: A Nigerian perspective to the adoption of chatbot. Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, 15(2), 258–281. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-06-2020-0126
- Adam, M., Weesel, M., and Benlian, A. (2021). AI-based chatbots in customer service and their effects on user compliance. Electronic Markets, 31(2), 427–445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-020-00414-7
- Alagarsamy, S., and Mehrolia, S. (2023). Exploring chatbot trust: Antecedents and behavioural outcomes. Heliyon, 9(5), e16074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16074
- Albites-Tapia, A., Gamboa-Cruzado, J., Almeyda-Ortiz, J., and Lázaro, A. M. (2022). Chatbots for the detection of Covid-19: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 13(4), 991–998. https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2022.01304113
- Alhassan, N. A., Albarrak, A. S., Bhatia, S., and Agarwal, P. (2022). A novel framework for Arabic dialect chatbot using machine learning. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2022, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1844051
- Al-Shafei, M. (2024). Navigating human-chatbot interactions: An investigation into factors influencing user satisfaction and engagement. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 0(0), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2301252
- Alt, M.-A., and Ibolya, V. (2021). Identifying relevant segments of potential banking chatbot users based on technology adoption behavior. Market-Tržište, 33(2), 165–183. https://doi.org/10.22598/mt/2021.33.2.165
- Aoujil, Z., Hanine, M., Flores, E. S., Samad, M. A., and Ashraf, I. (2023). Artificial intelligence and behavioral economics: A bibliographic analysis of research field. IEEE Access, 11, 139367–139394. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3339778
- Auer, I., Schlögl, S., and Glowka, G. (2024). Chatbots in airport customer service—Exploring use cases and technology acceptance. Future Internet, 16(5), 175. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16050175
- Baber, H., Nair, K., Gupta, R., and Gurjar, K. (2024). The beginning of ChatGPT – A systematic and bibliometric review of the literature. Information and Learning Sciences, 125(7–8), 587–614. https://doi.org/10.1108/ILS-04-2023-0035
- Bălan, C. (2023). Chatbots and voice assistants: Digital transformers of the company–customer interface—A systematic review of the business research literature. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 18(2), 995–1019. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer18020051
- Behera, R. K., Bala, P. K., and Ray, A. (2024). Cognitive chatbot for personalised contextual customer service: Behind the scene and beyond the hype. Information Systems Frontiers, 26(3), 899–919. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-021-10168-y
- Bhatt, A., Joshipura, M., and Joshipura, N. (2022). Decoding the trinity of fintech, digitalization and financial services: An integrated bibliometric analysis and thematic literature review approach. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2114160
- Chakrabortty, R. K., Abdel-Basset, M., and Ali, A. M. (2023). A multi-criteria decision analysis model for selecting an optimum customer service chatbot under uncertainty. Decision Analytics Journal, 6, 100168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2023.100168
- Choudhary, P., and Chauhan, S. (2023). An intelligent chatbot design and implementation model using long short-term memory with recurrent neural networks and attention mechanism. Decision Analytics Journal, 9, 100359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dajour.2023.100359
- Cordero, J., Barba-Guaman, L., and Guamán, F. (2022). Use of chatbots for customer service in MSMEs. Applied Computing and Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1108/ACI-06-2022-0148
- Daniel, G., Cabot, J., Deruelle, L., and Derras, M. (2020). Xatkit: A multimodal low-code chatbot development framework. IEEE Access, 8, 15332–15346. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2966919
- de Andrés-Sánchez, J., and Gené-Albesa, J. (2023). Explaining policyholders’ chatbot acceptance with a unified technology acceptance and use of technology-based model. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 18(3), 1217–1237. https://doi.org/10.3390/jtaer18030062
- De Santis, P. R. (2024). Are chatbots the key to success in customer service for logistics companies? A statistical study of 10 of the most important companies in South America. Operations and Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 17(1), 50–64. https://doi.org/10.31387/oscm0560413
- Dissanayake, H., Popescu, C., and Iddagoda, A. (2023). A bibliometric analysis of financial technology: Unveiling the research landscape. FinTech, 2(3), 527–542. https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech2030030
- Dorfleitner, G., Hornuf, L., and Kreppmeier, J. (2023). Promise not fulfilled: FinTech, data privacy, and the GDPR. Electronic Markets, 33(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-023-00622-x
- Escobar-Grisales, D., Vásquez-Correa, J. C., and Orozco-Arroyave, J. R. (2024). Evaluation of effectiveness in conversations between humans and chatbots using parallel convolutional neural networks with multiple temporal resolutions. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 83(2), 5473–5492. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-023-14896-y
- Federici, S., et al. (2020). Inside Pandora’s box: A systematic review of the assessment of the perceived quality of chatbots for people with disabilities or special needs. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 15(7), 832–837. https://doi.org/10.1080/17483107.2020.1775313
- Følstad, A., et al. (2021). Future directions for chatbot research: An interdisciplinary research agenda. Computing, 103(12), 2915–2942. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-021-01016-7
- Gamboa-Cruzado, J., Carbajal-Jiménez, P., Romero-Villón, M., Mujica Ruiz, O. H., Lalupu, J. C., and Miranda, M. C. (2022). Chatbots for customer service: A comprehensive systematic literature review. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 100(19), 5587–5598.
- Gamboa-Cruzado, J., Menendez-Morales, C., Del Carpio, C. F., López-Goycochea, J., Arévalo, A. A., and Vargas, C. R. (2023). Use of chatbots in e-commerce: A comprehensive systematic review. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 101(4), 1172–1183.
- Haugeland, I. K. F., Følstad, A., Taylor, C., and Bjørkli, C. A. (2022). Understanding the user experience of customer service chatbots: An experimental study of chatbot interaction design. International Journal of Human–Computer Studies, 161, 102788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102788
- Hmoud, H., Shishan, F., Qasem, Z., and Bazi, S. (2023). The effect of Arabic language type on banking chatbots adoption. Heliyon, 9(10), e20686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20686
- Hu, Y., and Sun, Y. (2023). Understanding the joint effects of internal and external anthropomorphic cues of intelligent customer service bot on user satisfaction. Data and Information Management, 7(3), 100047. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dim.2023.100047
- Huang, S. Y. B., Lee, C.-J., and Lee, S.-C. (2021). Toward a unified theory of customer continuance model for financial technology chatbots. Sensors, 21(17), 5687. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21175687
- Hwang, S., and Kim, J. (2021). Toward a chatbot for financial sustainability. Sustainability, 13(6), 3173. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063173
- Janson, A. (2023). How to leverage anthropomorphism for chatbot service interfaces: The interplay of communication style and personification. Computers in Human Behavior, 149, 107954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107954
- Jenneboer, L., Herrando, C., and Constantinides, E. (2023). The impact of chatbots on customer satisfaction: A systematic literature review. TEM Journal, 12(3), 1407–1417. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM123-21
- Jiménez-Barreto, J., Rubio, N., and Molinillo, S. (2023). How chatbot language shapes consumer perceptions: The role of concreteness and shared competence. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 58(4), 380–399. https://doi.org/10.1177/10949968231177618
- Jyothsna, M., P, V. S., and Kryvinska, N. (2024). Exploring the chatbot usage intention—a mediating role of chatbot initial trust. Heliyon, 10(12), e33028. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33028
- Khosravi, H., Ahmed, I., Hajiabadi, M., Raihan, A. S., and Shafie, M. R. (2024). Chatbots and ChatGPT: A bibliometric analysis and systematic review of publications in Web of Science and Scopus databases. International Journal of Data Mining, Modelling and Management, 16(2). https://doi.org/10.1504/ijdmmm.2024.10061138
- Kim, J. S., Kim, M., and Baek, T. H. (2024). Enhancing user experience with a generative AI chatbot. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2311971
- Kitchenham, B. A., and Charters, S. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering. Technical Report, Ver. 2.3 EBSE, 1(1), 1–54.
- Klein, S. H., Papies, D., and Utz, S. (2024). How interaction mechanism and error responses influence users’ responses to customer service chatbots. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 0(0), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2351707
- Kostelník, P., Pisařovic, I., Muroň, M., Dařena, F., and Procházka, D. (2019). Chatbots for enterprises: Outlook. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 67(6), 1541–1550. https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun201967061541
- Lappeman, J., Marlie, S., Johnson, T., and Poggenpoel, S. (2023). Trust and digital privacy: Willingness to disclose personal information to banking chatbot services. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 28(2), 337–357. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41264-022-00154-z
- Le Dinh, T., Pham Thi, T. T., Pham-Nguyen, C., and Nam, L. N. H. (2022). A knowledge-based model for context-aware smart service systems. Journal of Information and Telecommunication, 6(2), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1080/24751839.2021.1962105
- Lee, K. W., and Li, C. Y. (2023). It is not merely a chat: Transforming chatbot affordances into dual identification and loyalty. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 74, 103447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103447
- Lee, M., Frank, L., and IJsselsteijn, W. (2021). Brokerbot: A cryptocurrency chatbot in the social-technical gap of trust. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), 30(1), 79–117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-021-09392-6
- Lee, S. E., Ju, N., and Lee, K. H. (2023). Service chatbot: Co-citation and big data analysis toward a review and research agenda. Technology Forecasting and Social Change, 194, 122722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122722
- Li, C. Y., Fang, Y. H., and Chiang, Y. H. (2023). Can AI chatbots help retain customers? An integrative perspective using affordance theory and service-domain logic. Technology Forecasting and Social Change, 197, 122921. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122921
- Liu, Q., Chan, K. C., and Chimhundu, R. (2024). Fintech research: Systematic mapping, classification, and future directions. Financial Innovation, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-023-00524-z
- Liu, Y., Yan, W., Hu, B., Lin, Z., and Song, Y. (2023). Chatbots or humans? Effects of agent identity and information sensitivity on users’ privacy management and behavioral intentions: A comparative experimental study between China and the United States. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2238974
- Liu, Z., Long, C., Lu, X., Hu, Z., Zhang, J., and Wang, Y. (2019). Which channel to ask my question? Personalized customer service request stream routing using deep reinforcement learning. IEEE Access, 7, 107744–107756. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2932047
- Lupa-Wójcik, I. (2019). Student attitudes toward the use of chatbots in customer service. Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing, 22(22(71)), 120–131. https://doi.org/10.22630/PEFIM.2019.22.71.30
- Manigandan, L., and Alur, S. (2023). Mapping the research landscape of chatbots, conversational agents, and virtual assistants in business, management, and accounting: A bibliometric review. Qubahan Academic Journal, 3(4), 502–513. https://doi.org/10.58429/qaj.v3n4a252
- Manigandan, L., and Sivakumar, A. (2024). Chatbot research: Unveiling evolutionary trends and collaborative pathways through bibliometric analysis. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2024045
- Manta, A. G., Bădîrcea, R. M., Doran, N. M., Badareu, G., Gherțescu, C., and Popescu, J. (2024). Industry 4.0 transformation: Analysing the impact of artificial intelligence on the banking sector through bibliometric trends. Electronics (Switzerland), 13(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13091693
- Maragno, G., Tangi, L., Gastaldi, L., and Benedetti, M. (2023). AI as an organizational agent to nurture: Effectively introducing chatbots in public entities. Public Management Review, 25(11), 2135–2165. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2022.2063935
- Mariciuc, D. F. (2023). A bibliometric analysis of publications on customer service chatbots. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 11(1), 48–62. https://doi.org/10.2478/mdke-2023-0004
- Medeiros, T., Medeiros, M., Azevedo, M., Silva, M., Silva, I., and Costa, D. G. (2023). Analysis of language-model-powered chatbots for query resolution in PDF-based automotive manuals. Vehicles, 5(4), 1384–1399. https://doi.org/10.3390/vehicles5040076
- Mevik, B.-H., and Wehrens, R. (2024). The ChatGPT artificial intelligence chatbot: How well does it answer accounting assessment questions? Journal of Statistical Software, 18(2), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.2308/ISSUES-2023-013
- Mogaji, E., Balakrishnan, J., Nwoba, A. C., and Nguyen, N. P. (2021). Emerging-market consumers’ interactions with banking chatbots. Telematics and Informatics, 65, 101711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2021.101711
- Moore, K., et al. (2024). A comprehensive solution to retrieval-based chatbot construction. Computer Speech & Language, 83, 101522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csl.2023.101522
- Morrison, D., Tomlinson, S., and Johnson, A. (2019). Language bias in systematic reviews: The dominance of English in scientific research. Research Synthesis Methods, 10(3), 275–284. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1363
- Nee, C. K., Rahman, M. H. A., Yahaya, N., Ibrahim, N. H., Razak, R. A., and Sugino, C. (2023). Exploring the trend and potential distribution of chatbot in education: A systematic review. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 13(3), 516–525. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2023.13.3.1834
- Nguyen, D. M., Chiu, Y.-T. H., and Le, H. D. (2021). Determinants of continuance intention towards banks’ chatbot services in Vietnam: A necessity for sustainable development. Sustainability, 13(14), 7625. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13147625
- Nicolescu, L., and Tudorache, M. T. (2022). Human-computer interaction in customer service: The experience with AI chatbots—A systematic literature review. Electronics (Switzerland), 11(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101579
- Nordheim, C. B., Følstad, A., and Bjørkli, C. A. (2019). An initial model of trust in chatbots for customer service—findings from a questionnaire study. Interacting with Computers, 31(3), 317–335. https://doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwz022
- Oviedo-Trespalacios, O., et al. (2023). The risks of using ChatGPT to obtain common safety-related information and advice. Safety Science, 167, 106244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2023.106244
- Pal, S., and Singh, D. (2019). Chatbots and virtual assistant in Indian banks. Industrija, 47(4), 75–101. https://doi.org/10.5937/industrija47-24578
- Parthiban, E. S., and Adil, M. (2023). Trends in the AI-based banking conversational agents literature: A bibliometric review. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, 33(3), 702–736. https://doi.org/10.14329/APJIS.2023.33.3.702
- Prymostka, L., and Kysil, T. (2023). Intelligent information systems of the banking sector: General characteristics and information environment. Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University Series “Economics”, 10(4), 43–53. https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ4.2023.43
- Ramya, J. B., and Alur, S. (2023). Unleashing the potential of chatbots in business: A bibliometric analysis. Business Information Review, 40(3), 123–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/02663821231189344
- Ranieri, A., Di Bernardo, I., and Mele, C. (2024). Serving customers through chatbots: Positive and negative effects on customer experience. Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 34(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTP-01-2023-0015
- Rapp, A., Curti, L., and Boldi, A. (2021). The human side of human-chatbot interaction: A systematic literature review of ten years of research on text-based chatbots. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2021.102630
- Rizou, S., et al. (2023). Efficient intent classification and entity recognition for university administrative services employing deep learning models. Intelligent Systems with Applications, 19, 200247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswa.2023.200247
- Santoso, C. B., Warnars, H. L. H. S., Fajar, A. N., and Prabowo, H. (2023). Smart insurance model for sea cargo business. Journal of System and Management Sciences, 14(4), 277–298. https://doi.org/10.33168/JSMS.2023.0417
- Say, V. A. (2023). The states of financial inclusion: A bibliometric review (Independent study manuscript). Graduate School, Bangkok University.
- Shaikh, I. A. K., Khan, S., and Faisal, S. (2023). Determinants affecting customer intention to use chatbots in the banking sector. Innovative Marketing, 19(4), 257–268. https://doi.org/10.21511/im.19(4).2023.21
- Shin, H., Bunosso, I., and Levine, L. R. (2023). The influence of chatbot humour on consumer evaluations of services. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 47(2), 545–562. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12849
- Skuridin, A., and Wynn, M. (2024). Chatbot design and implementation: Towards an operational model for chatbots. Information, 15(4), 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/info15040226
- Suhaili, S. M., Salim, N., and Jambli, M. N. (2022). A comparative analysis of generative neural attention-based service chatbot. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 13(8), 742–751. https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2022.0130885
- Tanwar, M., and Verma, H. V. (2024). Scientific mapping of chatbot literature: A bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences, 9(2), 323–340. https://doi.org/10.33889/IJMEMS.2024.9.2.017
- Toh, T. J., and Tay, L. Y. (2022). Banking chatbots: A study on technology acceptance among millennials in Malaysia. Journal of Logistics, Informatics and Service Science, 9(3), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.33168/LISS.2022.0301
- Vahidnia, M. H. (2024). Empowering geoportals HCI with task-oriented chatbots through NLP and deep transfer learning. Big Earth Data, 8(4), 608–648. https://doi.org/10.1080/20964471.2024.2403166
- van der Goot, M. J., Koubayová, N., and van Reijmersdal, E. A. (2024). Understanding users’ responses to disclosed vs. undisclosed customer service chatbots: A mixed methods study. AI & Society, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01818-7
- Vassilakopoulou, P., Haug, A., Salvesen, L. M., and Pappas, I. O. (2023). Developing human/AI interactions for chat-based customer services: Lessons learned from the Norwegian government. European Journal of Information Systems, 32(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2022.2096490
- Villa, L., Carneros-Prado, D., Dobrescu, C. C., Sánchez-Miguel, A., Cubero, G., and Hervás, R. (2024). Comparative analysis of generic and fine-tuned large language models for conversational agent systems. Robotics, 13(5), 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics13050068
- Wang, X., Lin, X., and Shao, B. (2022). How does artificial intelligence create business agility? Evidence from chatbots. International Journal of Information Management, 66, 102535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102535
- Wang, X., Xu, J., and Zhou, P. (2021). Impact of journal quality on systematic review outcomes: A bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics, 126(1), 45–67. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-03914-5
- Weiler, S., Matt, C., and Hess, T. (2022). Immunizing with information – Inoculation messages against conversational agents’ response failures. Electronic Markets, 32(1), 239–258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-021-00509-9
- Wicaksono, B. P., and Zahra, A. (2022). Design of the use of chatbot as a virtual assistant in banking services in Indonesia. IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 11(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijai.v11.i1.pp23-33
- Wube, H. D., Esubalew, S. Z., Weldesellasie, F. F., and Debelee, T. G. (2022). Text-based chatbot in financial sector: A systematic literature review. Data Science in Finance and Economics, 2(3), 232–259. https://doi.org/10.3934/dsfe.2022011
- Xu, R., Long, D., Liu, J., Yu, W., and Xu, L. (2021). Intelligent assistant decision-making method for power enterprise customer service based on IoT data acquisition. Mobile Information Systems, 2021, 7100610. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7100610
- Yadav, P., Gupta, P., Rai, P., Naik, N., and Kasipandian, K. (2023). Exploring the factors influencing the adoption and continuous engagement in unlocking the potential of technology driven chatbots in banking and financial institutions. Engineered Science, 28, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.30919/es1054
- Zhang, J. J. Y., Følstad, A., and Bjørkli, C. A. (2023). Organizational factors affecting successful implementation of chatbots for customer service. Journal of Internet Commerce, 22(1), 122–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332861.2021.1966723
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd10122
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Roberto Eustaquio-Jiménez, Mercedes Durand-Azurza, Javier Gamboa-Cruzado, María León Morales, Nancy Pajares Ruiz,Reyna López de Montoya, N. Mercedes Ortiz Céliz
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.