Forest types in Brunei Darussalam: A case study on mangrove forests in Temburong District
Vol 6, Issue 2, 2023
VIEWS - 1 (Abstract) 0 (PDF)
Abstract
Brunei Darussalam is a small Sultanate country with diverse forest cover. One of them would be Mangrove Forest. As it has four main administrative districts, Temburong would be the chosen case study area. The methods of collecting data for this article are by collecting secondary data from official websites and the map in this article (Figure 1) are showing the forest cover in Brunei Darussalam as of 2020. The aim of this article is to explain the mangrove forest especially at the Temburong District. As for the objectives, it would to be able to show the different types of forests in Temburong, hoping in ability to explain the different subtypes of mangroves forest and to explain in general the green jewel of Brunei Darussalam. Temburong has become the second highest tree coverage in Brunei Darussalam of 124 kha as of 2010, while the mangrove forest covering about 66% of total mangrove forest of 12,164 km2 out of 18,418 hectares. Mangrove forest has seven subtypes: Bakau species, Nyireh bunga, Linggadai, Nipah, Nipah-Dungun, Pedada and Nibong. Selirong Forest Reserve and Labu Forest Reserve are the two-mangrove forest reserves in Brunei Darussalam at Temburong District. Forest cover in Brunei Darussalam are 3800 hectares as of 2020 and has lost its tree coverage of 1.17 kha and one of the reasons would be forest fire and the tree cover loss due to fire is around 197 ha and the district that has lost its tree cover mostly was at Belait District of total 13.4 kha between the year 2001 until 2022.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
1. Forestry Department. Sustainable Forestry in Brunei Darussalam. Borneo Printers & Trading; 2011.
2. Goldsmith FB. Tropical Rain Forest: A Wider Perspective. Springer Dordrecht; 1998.
3. Information Department. Brunei-Muara District. Brunei Darussalam: English News Division, Information Department Prime Minister’s Office; 2010.
4. Information Department. Tutong District. Brunei Darussalam: English News Division, Information Department Prime Minister’s Office; 2013.
5. Information Department. Belait District. Brunei Darussalam: English News Division, Information Department Prime Minister’s Office; 2011.
6. Brunei Darussalam-forest area. Available online: https://knoema.com/atlas/Brunei-Darussalam/topics/Land-Use/Area/Forest-area (accessed on 8 October 2023).
7. Temburong. Available online: https://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/Brunei/sub5_10d/entry-6744.html (accessed on 12 July 2023).
8. Information Department. Temburong District. Brunei Darussalam: English News Division, Information Department Prime Minister’s Office; 2011.
9. Rasidah HAB. Temburong bridge opens to traffic today. Available online: https://thescoop.co/2020/03/17/temburong-bridge-opens-to-traffic-today/ (accessed on 12 July 2023).
10. Usa I. Brunei Mineral, Mining Sector Investment and Business Guide. International Business Publications; 2019. p. 237
11. Pulau Selirong Forest Recreation Park. Available online: http://virtual-bruneidarussalam.blogspot.com/2014/07/pulau-selirong-forest-recreation-park.html (accessed on 12 July 2023).
12. Zamora PM. Mangrove resources of Brunei Darussalam: Status and management. In: Silvestre G, Matdanan HGH, Sharifuddin PHY, et al. (editors). The Coastal Resources of Brunei Darussalam: Status, Utilisation and Management, Proceedings of the ICLARM Conference; Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam and International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management, Manila, Phillipines; 1992. pp. 39–58.
13. Chua TE, Chou LM, Sadorra MSM. The Coastal Environmental Profile of Brunei Darussalam: Resource Assessment and Management Issues. The International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM); 1987.
14. Bakau. Available online: http://wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/plants/mangrove/rhizophora/rhizophora.htm (accessed on 8 October 2023).
15. Mangrove cannon-ball tree or Nyireh bunga. Available online: http://wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/plants/mangrove/xylocarpus/granatum.htm (accessed on 8 October 2023).
16. Nipah palm. Available online: http://www.wildsingapore.com/wildfacts/plants/mangrove/nypa/nypa.htm (accessed on 8 October 2023).
17. Glen HF. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. Available online: https://pza.sanbi.org/bruguiera-gymnorrhiza (accessed on 8 October 2023).
18. Tsuji K, Ghazalli MNF, Ariffin Z, et al. Biological and ethnobotanical characteristics of Nipa palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb.): A review. Sains Malaysiana 2011; 40(12): 1407–1412.
19. Burckill IH. “Nipa”. In A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula, Vol 2. 1935. pp. 1557–1561.
20. Corner EJH. Wayside Trees of Malaya, 4th ed. Malayan Nature Society; 1997.
21. Gee CT. The mangrove palm Nypa in the geologic past of the New World. Wetlands Ecology and Management 2001; 9: 181–203. doi: 10.1023/A:1011148522181
22. Jian S, Ben J, Ren H, Yan H. Low genetic variation detected within the widespread mangrove species Nypa fruticans (Palmae) from Southeast Asia. Aquatic Botany 2010; 92(1): 23–27. doi: 10.1016/j.aquabot.2009.09.003
23. Uhl NW, Dransfield J. Genera Palmarum. Allen Press; 1987.
24. Hamilton LS, Murphy DH. Use and management of Nipa palm (Nypa fruiticans, arecaceae): A review. Economic Botany 1988; 42: 206–213. doi: 10.1007/BF02858921
25. Baja-Lapis AC, David ME, Reyes CG, Audije BS. ASEAN’s 100 Most Precious Plants. The European Commission; 2004.
26. Tomlinson PB. The Botany of Mangroves. Cambridge University Press; 1986.
27. Whitmore TC. Palms of Malaysia. Oxford University Press; 1973.
28. Fern K. Heritiera globosa. Available online: https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Heritiera+globosa (accessed on 8 October 2023).
29. Kostermans AJGH. A monograph of the genus Heritiera*, Aiton** (StercuL). Reinwardtia 1959; 4(4): 465–583. doi: 10.55981/reinwardtia.1959.991
30. Fern K. Xylocarpus granatumm. Available online: https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Xylocarpus+granatum (accessed on 8 October 2023).
31. Sonneratia caseolaris-(L.) Engl. Available online: https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Sonneratia+caseolaris (accessed on 8 October 2023).
32. Oncosperma tigillarium. Available online: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/2/6/2659 (accessed on 8 October 2023).
33. Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. Available online: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/3/2/3260 (accessed on 12 May 2023).
34. Burkill IH. A Dictionary of the Economic Products of the Malay Peninsula. Ministry of Agriculture, Malaysia; 1993. pp. 1241–2444.
35. Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl. Available online: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/3/3/3343 (accessed on 8 October 2023).
36. Oncosperma tigillarium. Available online: https://palmpedia.net/wiki/Oncosperma_tigillarium (accessed on 8 October 2023).
37. Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig. Available online: https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/4/8/4836 (accessed on 8 October 2023).
38. Lim TS, Sharifuddin PM. Charcoal production on Brunei. Brunei Mus.J. 1975; 3(4): 201–220.
39. Quarto A. The mangrove forest: Background paper. Available online: https://ramsar.org/fr/node/39069 (accessed on 8 October 2023).
40. Hamid HLHA. Brunei Darussalam: Mangrove-friendly aquaculture. In: Primavera JH, Garcia LMB, Castaños MT, et al. (editors). Mangrove-Friendly Aquaculture, Proceedings of the Workshop on Mangrove-Friendly Aquaculture; 11–15 January 1999; Iloilo City, Philippines. Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Aquaculture Department; 2000. pp. 95–103.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/sf.v6i2.2540
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Siti Mariyah Atiqah Haji Duraim, Shafi Noor Islam
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.