The Quintessence of public finances: Sustainability dynamics in tourism financial analysis

Enkeleda Lulaj, Luís Lima Santos, Conceição Gomes, Dipra Jha

Article ID: 9489
Vol 8, Issue 14, 2024

VIEWS - 11 (Abstract) 2 (PDF)

Abstract


Tourism plays a crucial role in driving economic development, and there is a growing demand to integrate sustainability into the sector, particularly in the financial practices of governments. This study introduces the Quintessence Sustainable Tourism Public Finances (QSustainableTPF) model, which combines five established financial models commonly used in the tourism industry. The research aims to identify statistically significant relationships between these models and assess their impact on sustainability and financial performance in tourism. A quantitative methodology was employed, with data collected from financial reports and budget documents of both local and central governments, along with a survey of 2099 citizens and visitors conducted during the 2023–2024 period. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS, incorporating exploratory factor analysis (EFA), reliability testing using Cronbach’s alpha, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The findings underscore the essential role of public finance in supporting tourism sustainability, particularly through transparent budgetary practices, efficient allocation of resources, and targeted investment in local tourism initiatives. The analysis reveals key insights into the benefits of financial transparency, citizen-centred budgeting, and the promotion of innovation in tourism finance. The interconnectedness of the five models highlights the importance of responsible public financial management in fostering tourism growth, enhancing investment, and ensuring long-term financial sustainability in the sector. The study offers practical implications for policymakers, advocating for the adoption of transparent and innovative financial practices to boost tourism development. It also recommends further research to broaden the scope across different regions, integrating additional public finance dimensions to strengthen sustainable tourism growth.


Keywords


public finance; tourism financial model; financial sustainability; financial analysis

Full Text:

PDF


References


Ahmed Mohamed Habib. (2023). Do business strategies and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance mitigate the likelihood of financial distress? A multiple mediation model. Heliyon, Volume 9, Issue 7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17847.

Ahmed Mohamed Habib. (2024). Chapter 6: Financial Development and Corporate Governance Efficiency: An Overview of MENA. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781800614734_0006.

Anfeng Xu, Lei Jin, Jingzi Yang (2024). Balancing tourism growth, Fintech, natural resources, and environmental sustainability: Findings from top tourist destinations using MMQR approach. Resources Policy, Vol 89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.104670.

Angelo Presenza, Giacomo Del Chiappa, Lorn Sheehan. (2013). Residents’ engagement and local tourism governance in maturing beach destinations. Evidence from an Italian case study. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 2(1), pp. 22-30, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2013.01.001.

Angrish, A.K. (2023). Financing of Sustainable Smart Cities: Indian Experience. Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 35-56. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83753-022-920231002.

Bosede Ngozi Adeleye, Busayo Aderounmu, Oluwarotimi Owolabi, Victoria Okafor. (2023). Examining the influence of ICT innovation in the finance-tourism nexus in Asia. Transnational Corporations Review, 15(3), pp. 43-59, https://doi.org/10.1080/19186444.2022.2107331.

Botond Géza Kálmán, Judit Grotte, Vasantha Lakshmi, Arnold Tóth, Szilvia Módos-Szalai, Zsuzsanna Zugor, Szilárd Malatyinszki. (2024). Sustainable city tourism—A systematic analysis of Budapest and Mumbai. The Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development (JIPD), Vol 8, Issue 9, https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.7933.

Buteau‐Duitschaever, W.C., McCutcheon, B., Eagles, P.F.J., Havitz, M.E. and Glover, T.D. (2010). Park visitors’ perceptions of governance: a comparison between Ontario and British Columbia provincial parks management models. Tourism Review, 65(4), pp. 31-50. https://doi.org/10.1108/16605371011093854.

Caiping Wang, Honggang Xu. (2011). Government intervention in investment by Chinese listed companies that have diversified into tourism. Tourism Management, 32(6), pp. 1371-1380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.01.012.

Carrillo-Hidalgo, I., & Pulido‐Fernández, J.I. (2019). Is the financing of tourism by international financial institutions inclusive? A proposal for measurement. Current Issues in Tourism, 22, 330 - 356.

Chunyan Liu, Xueting Dou, Jiangfeng Li, Liping A. Cai. (2020). Analyzing government role in rural tourism development: An empirical investigation from China. Journal of Rural Studies, Vol 79, pp. 177-188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.08.046.

Der-Horng Lee, Sreyus Palliyani. (2017). Sustainable transport policy - An evaluation of Singapore’s past, present and future. The Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development (JIPD), Vol 1, Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v1i1.23.

Dhiraj, A., Kumar, S. and Rani, D. (2023). Financial Well-being Among Tourism Industries Employees in India. Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 169-178. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1569-37592023000111B012.

Enkeleda Lulaj, and Minguez-Vera, A. (2024). Cash Flow Dynamics: Amplifying Swing Models in a Volatile Economic Climate for Financial Resilience and Outcomes. Scientific Annals of Economics and Business, 71(3), 315–336. https://doi.org/10.47743/saeb-2024-0022

Eppich, R. and Grinda, J.L.G. (2019). Sustainable financial management of tangible cultural heritage sites. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 9(3), pp. 282-299. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-11-2018-0081.

Ery Atmodjo, Machiel Lamers, Arthur Mol. (2017). Financing marine conservation tourism: Governing entrance fees in Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Marine Policy, Vol 78, pp. 181-188, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2017.01.023.

Gabriel M.S. Vianna, Mark G. Meekan, Abbie A. Rogers, Marit E. Kragt, James M. Alin, Johanna S. Zimmerhackel . (2018). Shark-diving tourism as a financing mechanism for shark conservation strategies in Malaysia. Marine Policy, Vol 94, pp. 220-226.

Gaetana Trupiano. (2005). Financing the culture in Italy. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 6(4), pp. 337-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2005.04.004.

Habib, A.M. (2023). Does real earnings management affect a firm’s environmental, social, and governance (ESG), financial performance, and total value? A moderated mediation analysis. Environ Dev Sustain. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03809-6

Habib, A.M., Mourad, N. (2024). The Influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Practices on US Firms’ Performance: Evidence from the Coronavirus Crisis. J Knowl Econ 15, 2549–2570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01278-w

Habib, A.M., Yang, G.-l. and Cui, Y. (2024), “Do competitive strategies affect working capital management efficiency?”, Business Process Management Journal, Vol. 30 No. 5, pp. 1716-1736. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-12-2023-0953

Halil Akmese, Huseyin Cetin, Kadriye Akmese. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting: A Comparative Analysis of Tourism and Finance Sectors of G8 Countries. Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol 39, pp. 737-745, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30273-8.

Hatice Ozer Balli, Wai Hong Kan Tsui, Faruk Balli. (2019). Modelling the volatility of international visitor arrivals to New Zealand. Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol 75, pp. 204-214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.10.002.

Heald, D. and Hodges, R. (2020). The accounting, budgeting and fiscal impact of COVID-19 on the United Kingdom. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 32(5), pp. 785-795. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBAFM-07-2020-0121.

Herman Aguinis, Sascha Kraus, Jasna Poček, Natanya Meyer, Søren H. Jensen. (2023). The why, how, and what of public policy implications of tourism and hospitality research. Tourism Management, Vol 97, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104720.

Hoda, A., & Bansal, S. (2010). Transparency in Government Procurement.

Hongsong Peng, Jinhe Zhang, Shien Zhong, Peizhe Li. (2021). Corporate governance, technical efficiency and financial performance: Evidence from Chinese listed tourism firms. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Vol 48, pp. 163-173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.06.005.

Hongzhi Zhu, Fang Wang. (2022). How does government microblog affect tourism market value? The perspective of signaling theory. Information Processing & Management, 59(4), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2022.102991.

Hopkins, D. (1988). Local Public Finance and Training in Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 1(3), pp. 26-35. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb002935.

Ibrahim A. Alatawi, Collins G. Ntim, Anis Zras, Mohamed H. Elmagrhi. (2023). CSR, financial and non-financial performance in the tourism sector: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. International Review of Financial Analysis, Vol 89, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2023.102734.

Ihtisham ul Haq, Jamshid Pardaev, Piratdin Allayarov, Shahid Munir. (2024). The impact of financial innovation and infrastructure on inbound tourism in Central Asia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100175.

Karen Sanders, María José Canel. (2015). Mind the gap: Local government communication strategies and Spanish citizens’ perceptions of their cities. Public Relations Review, 41(5), pp. 777-784, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2015.06.014.

Lee, C.-C., Shi, J., Zhang, H. and Wen, H. (2023). International tourism development in the digital economy era: the role of ICT services and digital finance. Kybernetes, https://doi.org/10.1108/K-08-2023-1574.

Lijun Ma, Min Ouyang. (2023). Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impact of digital inclusive finance on tourism economic development: Evidence from China. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Vol 56, pp. 519-531, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2023.08.015.

Lulaj, E. (2019). The Impact and Effects of Financial Reporting in the Public Accounting Econometric Analysis Model: Revenue and Expenditures for Period 2007-2017. European Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 5(1), pp. 46-66. DOI: 10.26417/ejes.v5i1.p46-66

Lulaj, E. (2019). Transparency and accountability in the public budget, empirical study (data analysis) in local governments- Municipalities. International Journal of Education and Research, 7(4), pp. 69-86.

Lulaj, E. (2022). An unstoppable and navigating journey towards development reform in complex financial-economic systems: an interval analysis of government expenses (past, present, future). Business, Management and Economics Engineering, 20(2), pp. 329-357. https://doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2022.17389

Lulaj, E. (2024). Money Talks: A Holistic and Longitudinal View of the Budget Basket in the Face of Climate Change and Sustainable Finance Matters”, Ekonomika, 103(1), pp. 91–107. https://doi.org/10.15388/Ekon.2024.103.1.6

Lulaj, E. and Dragusha, B. (2022). Incomes, Gaps and Well-Being: an Exploration of Direct Tax Income Statements Before and During Covid-19 Through the Comparability Interval. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 7(6). https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2022.v7i6.623

Lulaj, E., 2021. Accounting, Reforms and Budget Responsibilities in the Financial Statements. Accounting and Finance, 91(1), pp. 61-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2021-1(91)-61-69.

Lulaj, E., Zarin, I., and Rahman, Sh. (2022). A Novel Approach to Improving E-Government Performance from Budget Challenges in Complex Financial Systems. Complexity, 2507490. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2507490

Lulaj, E.; Dragusha, B.; Lulaj, D. Market Mavericks in Emerging Economies: Redefining Sales Velocity and Profit Surge in Today’s Dynamic Business Environment. J. Risk Financial Manag. 2024, 17, 395. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17090395

Lulaj, E.; Tase, M.; Gomes, C.; Cardoso, L. (2024). Navigating Financial Frontiers in the Tourism Economies of Kosovo and Albania during and beyond COVID-19. J. Risk Financial Manag. 2024, 17, 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm1704014

Luz Helena Díaz Rocca, Seweryn Zielinski. (2022). Community-based tourism, social capital, and governance of post-conflict rural tourism destinations: the case of Minca, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol 43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100985.

Marilena Vecco, Andrej Srakar, Michele Piazzai. (2017). Visitor attitudes toward deaccessioning in Italian public museums: An econometric analysis. Poetics, Vol 63, pp. 33-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2017.05.001.

Mert Topcu Zulal Denaux, Cori Crews. (2023). Good governance and the us tourism demand. Annals of Tourism Research Empirical Insights, 4 (1), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annale.2023.100095.

Mohamed Albaity, Shaker Bani Melhem. (2017). Novelty seeking, image, and loyalty—The mediating role of satisfaction and moderating role of length of stay: International tourists’ perspective. Tourism Management Perspectives, Vol 23, pp. 30-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.04.001.

Narendra N. Dalei, Avin Shekhar Chourasia, Narayan Sethi, Subhra Rajat Balabantaray, Upananda Pani. (2021). Roles of policies, regulations and institutions in sustainability of ocean tourism. The Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development (JIPD), Vol 5, Issue 2, https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v5i2.1295.

Octavi Bono i Gispert, Salvador Anton Clavé. (2020). Dimensions and models of tourism governance in a tourism system: The experience of Catalonia. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, Vol 17, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100465.

Orazalin, N., Kuzey, C., Uyar, A. and Karaman, A.S. (2024). Does CSR contribute to the financial sector’s financial stability? The moderating role of a sustainability committee. Journal of Applied Accounting Research, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 105-125. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-12-2022-0329.

Pricila Iranah, Pankaj Lal, Bernabas T. Wolde, Pralhad Burli. (2018). Valuing visitor access to forested areas and exploring willingness to pay for forest conservation and restoration finance: The case of small island developing state of Mauritius. Journal of Environmental Management, Vol 223, pp. 868-877, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.07.008.

Rashid, I.M., Samah, I.H., & Amlus, M.H. (2020). The Three-Way Linkages of Government Effectiveness, FDI And Economic Growth: Adopting A New Model Specification for Tourism Sector

Ratna, S., Saide, S., Putri, A.M., Indrajit, R.E. and Muwardi, D. (2023). Digital transformation in tourism and hospitality industry: a literature review of blockchain, financial technology, and knowledge management. EuroMed Journal of Business, https://doi.org/10.1108/EMJB-04-2023-0118.

Regina Andekina, Rakhila Rakhmetova. (2013). Financial Analysis and Diagnostics of the Company. Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol 5, pp. 50-57, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(13)00008-7.

Robin Nunkoo, Haywantee Ramkissoon, Dogan Gursoy. (2012). Public trust in tourism institutions. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(3), pp. 1538-1564, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.04.004.

Sara Kaffashi, Mohd Rusli Yacob, Maynard S. Clark, Alias Radam, Mohd Farid Mamat. (2015). Exploring visitors’ willingness to pay to generate revenues for managing the National Elephant Conservation Center in Malaysia. Forest Policy and Economics, Vol 56, pp. 9-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2015.03.004.

Seetanah, B., Gopy-Ramdhany, N. and Bhattu-Babajee, R. (2023). Can tourism curb income inequality? Tourism Agenda 2030. Tourism Review, 78(2), pp. 646-664. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-02-2022-0094.

Socher, K. (2000). Reforming destination management organisations and financing. The Tourist Review, 55(2), pp. 39-44. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058332.

Socher, K. (2001). What are the tasks of the state in providing the framework for tourism? Tourism Review, 56(1/2), pp. 57-60. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058360.

Timothy, D.J. (2001). Tourism and Political Boundaries.

Ting, I.W.K., Lean, H.H., Kweh, Q.L. and Azizan, N.A. (2016). Managerial overconfidence, government intervention and corporate financing decision. International Journal of Managerial Finance, 12(1), pp. 4-24. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMF-04-2014.

Vieira do Nascimento, D. (2016). Exploring climate finance for tourism adaptation development: an overview. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 8(5), pp. 593-605. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-06-2016-0036.

Viktor Manahov, Mingnan Li. (2024). The implications of virtual money on travel and tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol 105, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2023.103686.

von Saltza, E., & Kittinger, J.N. (2022). Financing conservation at scale via visitor green fees. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.

Wajiha Manzoor, Muhammad Bilal Mandahar, Hadia Mustafa, Muhammad Moazzam, Nabeel Safdar. (2024). A cross country analysis of financial development, trade openness, population and digitalization’s impact on sustainable development. The Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development (JIPD), Vol 8, Issue 9, https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i9.5893.

Wu, X. and Chang, H. (2023). Impact of digital inclusive finance on household tourism consumption: evidence from China. Impact of digital inclusive finance on household tourism consumption: evidence from China”, European Journal of Innovation Management, https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-09-2022-0527.

Xiang, D. and Worthington, A.C. (2017). The impact of government financial assistance on the performance and financing of Australian SMEs. Accounting Research Journal, 30(4), pp. 447-464. https://doi.org/10.1108/ARJ-04-2014-0034.

Xiaolong Ma, Weifeng Su. (2024). Local government intervention in tourism-driven rural gentrification: Types and interpretative framework. Tourism Management, Vol 100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2023.104828.

Yi Shan, Zhengshi Ren. (2023). Does tourism development and renewable energy consumption drive high quality economic development? Resources Policy, Vol 80, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.103270.

Yousaf, U.B., Ullah, I., Wang, M., Junyan, L. and Rehman, A.U. (2022). Does board capital increase firm performance in the Chinese tourism industry? Corporate Governance, 22(4), pp. 653-679. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-04-2021-0165.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd9489

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Enkeleda Lulaj, Luís Lima Santos, Conceição Gomes, Dipra Jha

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.