Psychometric properties and validation of the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-18) in a sample of Moroccan university students

Younes Rami, Zakaria Abidli, Joumana EL TURK, Bouabid Badaoui

Article ID: 9300
Vol 8, Issue 16, 2024

VIEWS - 0 (Abstract) 0 (PDF)

Abstract


Objective: This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) in a sample of Moroccan students. Method: A total of 208 Moroccan students participated in this study. The dimensionality of the DASS-21 scale was assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Construct validity was assessed using the Stress Perception (PSS-10), State Anxiety (SAI), and Depression (CESD-10) scales. Results: Correlation analyses between Depression, Anxiety, and Stress subscales showed significant results. The exploratory factor analysis results confirmed the DASS’s three-dimensional structure. Furthermore, correlation analyses revealed positive correlations between the DASS-18 sub-dimensions and the three scales for Stress (PSS-10), Anxiety (SAI), and Depression (CESD-10). Conclusion: In line with previous work, the results of this study suggest that the DASS-18 reflect adequate psychometric properties, making it an appropriate tool for use in the university context.


Keywords


stress; anxiety; depression; PSS-10; CESD-10; SAI; DASS-21

Full Text:

PDF


References


Ali, A. M., Ahmed, A., Sharaf, A., et al. (2017). The Arabic version of the depression anxiety stress Scale-21: cumulative scaling and discriminant-validation testing. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 30, 56–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2017.10.005

Ali, A. M., Alkhamees, A. A., Hori, H., Kim, Y., & Kunugi, H. (2021). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21: Development and Validation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Item in Psychiatric Patients and the General Public for Easier Mental Health Measurement in a Post COVID-19 World. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(19), 10142. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph181910142

Andresen, E. M., Malmgren, J. A., Carter, W. B., Patrick, D. L. (1994). Screening for depression in well older adults: Evaluation of a short form of the CES-D. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10 (2), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(18)30622-8

Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., Cox, B. J., et al. (1998). Psychometric properties of the 42-item and 21-item versions of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales in clinical groups and a community sample. Psychological Assessment, 10 (2), 176. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.10.2.176

Bottesi, G., Ghisi, M., Altoè, G., et al. (2015). The Italian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21: Factor structure and psychometric properties on community and clinical samples. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 60, 170–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.04.005

Brislin, R. W. (1970). Back-translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1(3), 185–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/135910457000100301

Clara, I. P., Cox, B. J., Enns, M. W. (2001). Confirmatory factor analysis of the Depression–Anxiety–Stress Scales in depressed and anxious patients. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010928900002

Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24 (4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.2307/2136404

Fox, R. S., Lillis, T. A., Gerhart, J., et al. (2018). Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis of the DASS-21 depression and anxiety scales: how do they perform in a cancer sample? Psychological Reports, 121(3), 548–565. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294118777732

Gloster, A. T., Rhoades, H. M., Novy, D., et al. (2008). Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 in older primary care patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 110(3), 248–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2008.01.022

Henry, J. D., Crawford, J. R. (2005). The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): Construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(2), 227–239. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466505X29657

Jun, D., Johnston, V., Kim, J. M., O’Leary, S. (2018). Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in the Korean working population. Work, 59 (1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-182688

Le, M. T. H., Tran, T. D., Holton, S., et al. (2017). Reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the DASS-21 in a sample of Vietnamese adolescents. PloS One, 12 (7), e0180557. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180557

Lovibond, P. F., Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33 (3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-U

Norton, P. J. (2007). Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21): Psychometric analysis across four racial groups. Anxiety, Stress, and Coping, 20 (3), 253–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615800701217803

Oei, T. P., Sawang, S., Goh, Y. W., Mukhtar, F. (2013). Using the depression anxiety stress scale 21 (DASS-21) across cultures. International Journal of Psychology, 48 (6), 1018–1029. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2012.755535

Osman, A., Wong, J. L., Bagge, C. L., et al. (2012). The depression anxiety stress Scales-21 (DASS-21): further examination of dimensions, scale reliability, and correlates. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68 (12), 1322–1338. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21908

Ramli, M., Salmiah, M. A., Nurul A. M. (2009). Validation and psychometric properties of Bahasa Malaysia version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS) among diabetic patients. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 18 , 40–45.

Seibert, J. H., Brien, J. S., Maaske, B. L., et al. (1999). Assessing patient satisfaction across the continuum of ambulatory care: a revalidation and validation of care-specific surveys. The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management, 22 (4), 9–26. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004479-199910000-00003

Shea, T. L., Tennant, A., Pallant, J. F. (2009). Rasch model analysis of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS). BMC Psychiatry, 9 (1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-9-21

Silva, H. Ad., Passos, M. H. PD., Oliveira, V. M. Ad., et al. (2016). Short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21: is it valid for Brazilian adolescents? Einstein (São Paulo), 14 (4), 486–493. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-45082016AO3731

Sinclair, S. J., Siefert, C. J., Slavin-Mulford, J. M., Set al. (2012). Psychometric evaluation and normative data for the depression, anxiety, and stress scales-21 (DASS-21) in a nonclinical sample of US adults. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 35 (3), 259–279. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163278711424282

Spielberger, C. D. (1983). State-trait anxiety inventory for adults.

Spielberger, C. D., Gonzalez-Reigosa, F., Martinez-Urrutia, A., et al. (1971). The state-trait anxiety inventory. Revista Interamericana de Psicologia/Interamerican Journal of Psychology, 5 , 1–21.

Teo, Y. C., Yusuf, A. Hj., Alice Lim, W. P., et al. (2019). Validation of DASS-21 among nursing and midwifery students in Brunei. Journal of Public Health, 27 (4), 387–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-018-0926-1

Tonsing, K. N. (2014). Psychometric properties and validation of Nepali version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 8, 63–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2013.11.001

Wang, K., Shi, H. S., Geng, F. L., et al. (2016). Cross-cultural validation of the depression anxiety stress scale–21 in China. Psychological Assessment, 28 (5), e88. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000209

Zanon, C., Brenner, R. E., Baptista, M. N., et al. (2021). Examining the dimensionality, reliability, and invariance of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale–21 (DASS-21) across eight countries. Assessment, 28 (8), 1531–1544. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191119873198




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd9300

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Younes Rami, Zakaria Abidli, Joumana EL TURK, Bouabid Badaoui

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.