Sustainable forest-based law enforcement against corporate illegal logging: A comparative study of Indonesia and Malaysia
Vol 8, Issue 11, 2024
VIEWS - 40 (Abstract) 14 (PDF)
Abstract
This research is based on the condition of the ever-rampant events of illegal logging perpetrated by companies in various areas in Indonesia and Malaysia. The issue of corporate illegal logging happened due to a concerning level of conflict of interest between companies, the government, and local societies due to economic motives. this paper aims to analyze the law enforcement on corporate illegal logging in Indonesia and Malaysia as well as the law enforcement on corporate illegal logging that is based on sustainable forestry. this research used the normative legal approach that was supported by secondary data in the forms of documents and cases of illegal logging that happened in Indonesia and Malaysia. this paper employed the qualitative analysis. Results showed that Indonesia had greater commitment and legal action than Malaysia because Indonesia processed more illegal logging cases compared to Malaysia. But mere commitment is not enough as the illegal logging ratio in Indonesia compared to timber production is 60%. meanwhile, in Malaysia, it is 35%. This shows that the ratio of law enforcement in Malaysia is more effective when comparing the rate of illegal logging and timber production. The phenomenon of forest destruction in Indonesia happened due to a disharmonic situation or an improper social relationship between society, the regional government, the forestry sector, business owners, and the law-enforcing apparatus. The sustainable forest-based law enforcement concept against corporate illegal logging is carried out through the integration approach that involves various parties in both countries.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abood, S. A., Lee, J. S. H., Burivalova, Z., et al. (2015). Relative Contributions of the Logging, Fiber, Oil Palm, and Mining Industries to Forest Loss in Indonesia. Conservation Letters, 8(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12103
Absori, A., Nugroho, S. S., Budiono, A., et al. (2020). Indonesia as an ecocracic country: The state’s responsibility and the people’s participation in preserving and in managing the environment quality. Quality: Access to Success, 21(179), 140–143.
Allen, J. C., Barnes, D. F. (1985). The Causes of Deforestation in Developing Countries. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 75(2), 163–184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1985.tb00079.x
Anugrahsari, I., Sardjono, M. A., Fitriyah, N., et al. (2020). Social contracts: Pillars of community conservation partnerships in Lore Lindu national park, Indonesia. Forest and Society, 4(1), 115–126. https://doi.org/10.24259/fs.v4i1.8682
Arizona, Y., Illiyina, U. (2024). The Constitutional Court and Forest Tenure Conflicts in Indonesia. Constitutional Review, 10(1), 103–135. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev1014
Blakeney, J. (2000). Overview Of Forest Law Enforcement in East Malaysia. Workshop on Illegal Logging in East Asia.
Boediningsih, W., Tandiono, S. (2023). Dampak Negative Illegal Logging Terhadap Indonesia. Lex Journal: Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan, 6(2), 124–142. https://doi.org/10.25139/lex.v6i2.5319
Bryan, J. E., Shearman, P. L., Asner, G. P., et al. (2013). Extreme Differences in Forest Degradation in Borneo: Comparing Practices in Sarawak, Sabah, and Brunei. PLoS ONE, 8(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0069679
Colchester, M. (2019). Legal obstacles to territorial rights recognition, sustainable commodity production and forest conservation on forest peoples’ lands in Southeast Asia with a focus on Indonesia and Malaysia. Hunter Gatherer Research, 4(1), 81–112. https://doi.org/10.3828/hgr.2018.5
Derous, M. (2019). The EU and the problem of illegal logging: The case of the EU-Malaysia VPA. European Foreign Affairs Review, 24(3), 327–348. https://doi.org/10.54648/EERR2019028
Direktorat Jenderal Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan. (2024). National Report 2023. Ministry of Forestry Republic of Indonesia.
Diway, B., Yiing, L. C., Wasli, M. E., et al. (2023). Forest structure and recovery in selectively logged forests in Sarawak, Malaysia. Tropics, 32(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3759/tropics.MS22-07
Djafar, E. M., Widayanti, T. F., Saidi, M. D., et al. (2023). Forest management to Achieve Sustainable Forestry Policy in Indonesia. IOP Science, 1181(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755- 1315/1181/1/012021
Ebrahimian, M., Nurruddin, A. A. (2024). Quantitative assessment of past and future tropical forest transition and its dynamic to streamflow of the catchment. IForest, 17, 181–191. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor4339-017
Fatih, S. A. (2023). The Development of Legal Research Methods in Indonesia (Indonesian). Malang. UMM Press.
Forest Watch Indonesia. (2002). The State of the Forest: Indonesia. Forest Watch Indonesia.
Forest Watch Indonesia. (2019). Forest Watch Indonesia Forest Monitoring Network Organization. Forest Watch Indonesia.
Golar, G., Muis, H., Isrun, I., et al. (2024). Deforestation as a catalyst for natural disaster and community suffering: A cycle in the socioecological system. Folia Forestalia Polonica, 66(2), 72–88. https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2024- 0007
Halim, N. H. A., Jiang, J., Abdu, A., et al. (2024). Impact of Malayan Uniform System and Selective Management System of Logging on Soil Quality in Selected Logged-over Forest in Johor, Malaysia. Forests, 15(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/f15050838
Haniff, M. N., Noor, M., Kadir, R., et al. (2021). Issues of Forest Enforcement Against Illegal Logging and Forest Offences in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 16(7), 260–272. https://doi.org/10.46754/jssm.2021.10.019
Hernanda, T., Absori, Wardiono, K., et al. (2023). The Impact of Environmental Regulation Implementation: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(10), 3235–3242. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181023
Hurst, P. (1990). Rainforest politics: ecological destruction in South-east Asia. Rainforest politics: Ecological destruction in South-east Asia. Zed Books Publishing.
Indonesia Corruption Watch. (2011). Calculating State Losses Due to Illegal Logging (Indonesian). Indonesian Corruption Watch.
Insani, N., Ridhoi, R., Fitriyati, U., et al. (2023). Community empowerment strategies and disaster mitigation in Padusan Village, Mojokerto, East Java: A case study of the integrated agroforestry approach by the “Pesona Alam Lestari” Forest Village Community Institution (LMDH). ICoDMC, 1314, 012068. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1314/1/012068
Jilimin, W., Ahmad, M. N., Suara, Z., et al. (2011). Forest Laws and Enforcement in Sabah: The Way Forward. In: Proceedings of the 16th Malaysian Forestry Conference; 5-9 December 2011; Renaissance Hotel, Melaka.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Status Hutan dan Kehutanan Indonesia. Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
Kishor, N., Lescuyer, G. (2012). Controlling illegal logging in domestic and international markets by harnessing multi-level governance opportunities. International Journal of the Common, 6(2), 255–270. https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.327
Kusmayadi, Suparmoko, M. (2003). Illegal Logging Activities and Their Control in the West Kalimantan Borderlands (Indonesian)? UI Press.
Lintangah, W., Lidadun, P. M., Empah, P. J., Jilimi, W. (2014). Forest Law Enforcement and Mitigation of Forest Offences in Sabah: Lessons Learnt. In: Proceedings of the 17th Malaysian Forestry Conference (MFC 2014); 11–12 November 2014; Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Malaysia Ministry of Forestry. (2023). Forestry report 2023. Malaysia Ministry of Forestry.
Marilang, M. B., Arbani, T. S., Syatar, A., et al. (2021). Establishing Omnibus Law in Indonesia: Strict Liability in Environmental Law. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 24(1), 1–9.
Maruthaveeran, S., Chen, W. Y., Morgenroth, J. (2022). Urban forestry and arboriculture in Malaysia: An interdisciplinary research perspective. Springer.
Mohd, R. (1999). Factors influencing the occurrence of forest offences in a Peninsular Malaysia state. Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 7(2), 91.
Muadi, S. (2021). Policy implementation of forest fire handling and treatment in the perspective of the government of Indonesia and Malaysia. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues, 24(1), 1–19.
Mustafa, M. (2009). Urban Forest protection from the perspective of environmental law in Malaysia: Issues and challenges. In: Proceedings of the Construction and Building Research Conference of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.
Ng, J. S. C., Chervier, C., Ancrenaz, M., et al. (2022). Recent forest and land-use policy changes in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo: Are they truly transformational? Land Use Policy, 121, 106308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106308
Noor, M. N. H. M., Kadir, R., Muhamad, S. (2021). Issues of Forest Enforcement Against Illegal Logging and Forest Offences in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, 16(7), 260–272.
Nurdjna. (2008). Corruption and Illegal Logging in the Decentralization System (Indonesian). Pustaka Pelajar.
Official Website. (2024). Available online: https://www.forestry.gov.my/en/ (accessed on 2 July 2024)
Omran, A., Schwarz-Herion, O. (2019). Deforestation in Malaysia: The Current Practice and the Way Forward. In: Sustaining our Environment for Better Future. Springer Singapore Publishing. pp. 175–193.
Poloma, M. M. (1987). Contemporary Sociology (Indonesian). Rajawali Publishing.
Potter, L. (2009). Resource periphery, corridor, heartland: Contesting land use in the Kalimantan/Malaysia borderlands. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 50(1), 88–106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8373.2009.01383.x
Prasetyanto, P. K., Juliprijanto, W., Sarfiah, S. N. (2023). Forest destruction: Analysis of economic development sub sector of oil palm plantations in Indonesia. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2765(127).
Purnomo, H., Okarda, B., Puspitaloka, et al. (2023). Public and private sector zero-deforestation commitments and their impacts: A case study from South Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Land Use Policy, 134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106818
Purwanto, E., Sjarief, R., Saleh, M. Z. (2024). Legal Dynamics in Environmental Accountability: A Case Study of Forest Fire Litigation in Indonesia. International Journal of Environmental Impacts, 7(1), 25–30. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijei.070103
Qamar, I., Wahab, R., Sukhairi, M. (2013). Current situation of illegal logging in Peninsular Malaysia. International Journal of Sciences Research, 1(2), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v1i2.637
Ridwan, R., Andriadin, A., Irawansyah, D. (2022). The Imposition of Penalties toward Drivers Transporting Timber Belonging to Business Actors (Study of Judge Decision Number 284/Pid.B/LH/2021/PN RBI). Jurnal Jurisprudence, 12(2), 283-298. https://doi.org/10.23917/jurisprudence.v12i2.750
Rohmy, A. M., Setiyono, H., Supriyadi. (2021). Corporate Criminal Sanction in Omnibus Law for Forest Destruction in Indonesia: Review of Law Number 11 of 2020 on Job Creation. Al-Risalah. https://doi.org/10.30631/alrisalah.v21i1.789
Rosyadi, I., Habibi, M. R., Syam, N. (2021). Implementation of Criminal Law Enforcement Concept of Environmental Sustainability (illegal logging in Indonesia). IOP science; 894; 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/894/1/012002
Rusli, M., Miskon, S. (2009). Punishing forest offenders: Out of court or by the court? Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 17(1), 25–31.
Sari, I. D. A., Diansyah, F., Yuntho, E. (2009). Corruption in Eradicating Illegal Logging: An Analysis of Performance and Alternative Legal Framework (Indonesian). Indonesia Corruption Watch.
Setiawan, F. X. A., Absori, A., Wardiono, K., et al. (2023). Implications of Citizen Lawsuits for Forest and Land Fires in Central Kalimantan Province from the Perspective of Environmental Justice. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 19, 1026–1036. https://doi.org/10.37394/232015.2023.19.97
Sitorus, F. P., Sunyoto, A., Setiaji, B. (2023). Forest Fire Disaster Classification Using Artificial Neural Network Method. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT 2023); 10 November 2023. pp. 194–199.
Surono, A. (2009). Conflict Management over Forest Resources Utilization in Realizing Local Community Rights (Indonesian). In: Arinanto, S., Triyanti, N. (editors). Memahami Hukum: Dari Konstruksi Sampai Implementasi. Rajawali Press. p. 516.
Tacconi, T., Obidzinski, K., Smith, J., et al. (2004). Can “legalization” of illegal forest activities reduce illegal logging? Lessons from East Kalimantan. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 19(1–3), 137–151. https://doi.org/10.1300/J091v19n01_07
The Government of Malaysia. (1957). Malaysian Federal Constitution. The Government of Malaysia.
Wardiono, K. (2019). Prophetic: An Epistemological Offer for Legal Studies. Journal of Transcendental Law, 1(1), 17–41. https://doi.org/10.23917/jtl.v1i1.8797
Winkel, G., Leipold, S., Buhmann, K., et al. (2017). Narrating illegal logging across the globe. The International Forestry Review, 19, 81–89.
Yayasan Sabah. (2019). Malaysia Forestry Risk Profile: Sabah. Yayasan Sabah.
Yuspin, W., Fauziyyah, A. N., Budiono, A. (2023). The Impact of Deforestation on Sustainable Development Goals Regulations: An Empirical Studies on Tawangmangu. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(7). https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.180715
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i11.9067
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Absori, Haslinda Mohd Anuar, Arief Budiono, Rizka, Moh Indra Bangsawan, Rina Rohayu Harun
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.