Do public governance and financial shocks effect public health? Empirical evidence from MENA region
Vol 8, Issue 10, 2024
VIEWS - 275 (Abstract) 222 (PDF)
Abstract
Financial shocks have an incredible socioeconomic effect on both developed and developing countries. Various recent studies demonstrated that bad public governance impacted public health across all nations. In fact, this study aims to use panel data for 21 countries from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region over the period 2000–2020 to scrutinize the effect of both governance and financial crises on public health. We use the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to carry out the empirical analysis. The objective of using this method is to deal with the issue of endogeneity between exogen variables. Results outline that there is a significant positive association between public governance indicators and public health. Moreover, we found a strong negative association between financial shocks and public health. Thus, the direct negative impact of financial crisis on public health could be mitigated by the indirect positive impacts via institutions and good public governance. This study gives insights to policymakers to take appropriate measures to decrease the severity of the financial shocks and improve healthcare services.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Afonso, A., & Blanco-Arana, M. C. (2022). Financial and economic development in the context of the global 2008-09 financial crisis. International Economics, 169, 30–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inteco.2021.11.006
Ahmed, Y. A., Rostam, B. N., & Mohammed, B. A. (2020). The effect of the financial crisis on macroeconomic variables in Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. Economic Journal of Emerging Markets, 12(1), 54–66. https://doi.org/10.20885/ejem.vol12.iss1.art5
Alnabulsi, K., Kozarević, E., & Hakimi, A. (2022). Assessing the determinants of non-performing loans under financial crisis and health crisis: evidence from the MENA banks. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2124665
Alnahdi, S. (2020). The Impact of Corruption on Healthcare Services: Empirical Evidence from the MENA Region. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 10(5), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.10149
Antoniades, A., Widiarto, I., & Antonarakis, A. S. (2020). Financial crises and the attainment of the SDGs: an adjusted multidimensional poverty approach. Sustainability Science, 15(6), 1683–1698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00771-z
Arcand, J., Berkes, E., & Panizza, U. (2012). Too Much Finance? IMF Working Papers, 2012(161), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781475504668.001
Arellano, M., & Bond, S. (1991). Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations. The Review of Economic Studies, 58(2), 277. https://doi.org/10.2307/2297968
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variables estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68, 29–51.
Arif, I., & Dutta, N. (2024). Legitimacy of government and governance. Journal of Institutional Economics, 20. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1744137423000334
Azaria, A., Karavasilis, G., Kehris, E., & Vrana, V. (2019). The impact of financial crisis on university students in Greece. South-Eastern Europe Journal of Economics, 17(2).
Baldacci, E., de Mello, L., & Inchauste, G. (2002). Financial Crises, Poverty, and Income Distribution. IMF Working Papers, 02(4), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451842050.001
Baltagi, B. H., Demetriades, P. O., & Law, S. H. (2009). Financial development and openness: Evidence from panel data. Journal of Development Economics, 89(2), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2008.06.006
Bao, W., Tao, R., Afzal, A., et al. (2022). Real Estate Prices, Inflation, and Health Outcomes: Evidence from Developed Economies. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.851388
Barnett, M. L., Mehrotra, A., & Landon, B. E. (2020). Covid-19 and the upcoming financial crisis in health care. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1056/CAT.20.0153
Behnezhad, S., Mohammad Javad Razmi, S., & Saeed Malek Sadati, S. (2021). The Role of Institutional Conditions in the Impact of Economic Growth on Income Inequality. Journal of Finance and Economics, 9(1), 11–15. https://doi.org/10.12691/jfe-9-1-2
Belvis, A., Ferrè, F., Specchia, M., et al. (2012). The financial crisis in Italy: Implications for the healthcare sector. Health Policy, 106(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2012.04.003
Betti, G., Antonella, D. A., Ghellini, G., & Sergio, L. (2020). Measuring the impact of financial crisis on quality of life in Europe. Economics Bulletin, 40(1), 292–307.
Berger, M. C., & Messer, J. (2002). Public financing of health expenditures, insurance, and health outcomes. Applied Economics, 34(17), 2105–2113. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840210135665
Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87, 115–143.
Bonovas, S., & Nikolopoulos, G. (2012). High-burden epidemics in Greece in the era of economic crisis. Early signs of a public health tragedy. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 53, 169–171.
Crookes, C., Palladino, R., Seferidi, P., et al. (2020). Impact of the economic crisis on household health expenditure in Greece: an interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Open, 10(8), e038158. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038158
Elfeituri, H., & Alotaibi, K. O. (2021). Is profitability of Islamic banks shaped by bank-specific variables, global financial crisis and macroeconomic variables? Journal of Economic Cooperation and Development, 42(2).
Fountoulakis, K. N., Grammatikopoulos, I. A., Koupidis, S. A., & Siamouli, M. (2012). Theodorakis PN., Health and the financial crisis in Greece. Lancel, 379, 1001–1002.
Farooque, O. A., Hamid, A., & Sun, L. (2022). The Effects of Public Governance Quality and Corruption Control on Economic Growth - Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa and MENA Countries. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4013181
Fleming, P., Caffrey, L., Belle, S. V., et al. (2023). How International Health System Austerity Responses to the 2008 Financial Crisis Impacted Health System and Workforce Resilience—A Realist Review. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. https://doi.org/10.34172/ijhpm.2022.7420
Franzen, A., & Bahr, S. (2024). Poverty in Europe: How long‐term poverty developed following the financial crisis and what drives it. International Journal of Social Welfare, 33(2), 482–494. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12614
Franza, L. (2022). Power Shifts and the Risk of a “Crisis Within the Crisis”: COVID, Oil and the MENA Region. Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI).
Furi, T. (2021). Impact of financial crisis on economic growth in East African Countries. Bussiness Economic Journal, 12(1).
Hilmário de Oliveira Siqueira, A. (2023), The political determinants of country crises, Journal of Economic Studies, 50(3), 561–577. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-10-2021-0533
Hopkins, M. (2006). Commentary: What is Corporate Social Responsibility All About? Journal of Public Affairs, 6, 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.238
Hossain, A. A., & Arwatchanakarn, P. (2021). An investigation of the interrelations among macroeconomic variables in Thailand under inflation-targeting for the post-financial crisis period. Journal of Southeast Asian Economies, 38(1), 51–80. https://doi.org/10.1355/ae38-1c
Hu, H., & Qi, M. (2022). New Evidence on National Culture and Corporate Financing: Does Institutional Quality Matter? Sustainability, 14(19), 12689. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912689
Ifanti, A. A., Andreas A., Argyriou, F. H., et al. (2012). Financial Crisis and Austerity Measures in Greece: Their Impact on Health Promotion Policies and Public Health Care. Health Policy, 113(1–2), 8–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.05.017
Jaziri, R., & Aliouat, B. (2023). Entrepreneurial survival in times of continuous crisis: a proportional risk approach (the case of Tunisia) (French). Management International, 27(Spécial), 106–119. https://doi.org/10.59876/a-7k58-sqj1
Kara, F., & Ersin, İ. (2020). The effects of health expenditures to decrease infant mortality rates in OECD countries. In: Multidimensional perspectives and global analysis of universal health coverage. IGI Global. pp. 357–383.
Kentikelenis, A., Karanikolos, M., Papanicolas, I., et al. (2011). Health effects of financial crisis: Omens of a Greek tragedy. The Lancet, 378, 1457–1458.
Kountoura, A., Stavros Emmanouil, & Efthymios Ziagkas. (2020). Financial, Economic Crisis and Quality in Health Services Provision, New Challenges to Improve Quality Policy in the Healthcare System of Greece. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 10, 267–273. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v10i1.1186
Kombo, P. G. B. N., & Koumou, G. B. (2021). The role of the quality of institutions in the financial development of CEMAC countries. Modern Economy, 12(2), 452–468. https://doi.org/10.4236/me.2021.122023
Laeven, L., & Valencia, F. (2010). Resolution of Banking Crises: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly. IMF Working Papers, 10(146), 1. https://doi.org/10.5089/9781455201297.001
Messkoub, M. (2019). The financial crisis, poverty and vulnerability: from social investment to an EU social union (No. 647). Available online: http://hdl.handle.net/1765/118565 (accessed on 5 March 2024).
Mujahid, H. (2023). Institutional Quality, Financial Development, Interaction, and Macroeconomic Volatility: Ardl Co Integration Approach. Current Topics on Business, Economics and Finance Vol. 9, 126–138. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ctbef/v9/6079c
Nikzad, R. (2021). Governance, Institutions, and Economic Development. International Journal of Innovation and Economic Development, 7(4), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.74.2001
Pesendorfer, D., & Pesendorfer, D. (2020). Financial (de) globalization and financial market (dis) integration. In: Financial markets (dis) integration in a post-Brexit EU: Towards a more resilient financial system in Europe. Springer International Publishing. pp. 35-128.
Karanikolos, M., Heino, P., McKee, M., et al. (2016). Effects of the Global Financial Crisis on Health in High-Income Oecd Countries. International Journal of Health Services, 46(2), 208–240. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020731416637160
Perugini, C., & Tekin, İ. (2022). Financial development, income inequality and governance institutions. Panoeconomicus, 69(3), 353–379. https://doi.org/10.2298/pan191022004p
Petrou, P. (2019). The impact of financial crisis, austerity measures, and bailout agreement on cypriots’ health: the memorandum is dead, long live the memorandum. Value in Health Regional Issues, 19, 99–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vhri.2019.04.004
Prochniak, M., & Wasiak, K. (2017). The impact of the financial system on economic growth in the context of the global crisis: empirical evidence for the EU and OECD countries. Empirica, 44, 295–337. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10663-016-9323-9
Ruckert, A., & Labonté, R. (2014). The global financial crisis and health equity: Early experiences from Canada. Globalization and Health, 10(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-10-2
Effie, S., & Koutsogeorgou, E. (2014). Effects of the economic crisis on health and healthcare in Greece in the literature from 2009 to 2013: A systematic review. Health Policy, 115(2–3), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2014.02.002
Serapioni, M., & Hespanha, P. (2019). Crisis, Austerity and Health Inequalities in Southern European Countries. Available online: http://journals.openedition.org/eces/4043 (accessed on 5 March 2024).
Spyromitros, E., & Panagiotidis, M. (2022). The impact of corruption on economic growth in developing countries and a comparative analysis of corruption measurement indicators. Cogent Economics & Finance, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2022.2129368
Stoddart, M. C., Bernharðsdóttir, Á. E., & Atlin, C. (2021). Financial crisis, governance and sustainable island futures: Comparing Iceland and Newfoundland and Labrador. Source.
Stuckler, D., & McKee, M. (2012). There is an alternative: public health professionals must not remain silent at a time of financial crisis. The European Journal of Public Health, 22(1), 2–3. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckr189
Stuckler, D., Meissner, C. M., & King, L. P. (2008). Can a bank crisis break your heart? Globalization and Health, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1744-8603-4-1
Stuckler, D., Basu, S., Suhrke, M., et al. (2009a). The public health effect of economic crisis and alternative policy responses in Europe. The Lancet, 374, 315–323. DOI:10.1016/S01406736(09)61124-7
Stuckler, D., Basu, S., Suhrke, M., & McKee, M. (2009b). The health implications of financial crisis: A review of the evidence. Ulster Medical Journal, 78(3), 142–145.
Thompson, P. W. (2023). Financial Crisis and its Effect on Psychological Well-Being, Health, Satisfaction, and Financial Incapability; A Systematic Review. Pakistan Journal of Medical Health Sciences, 17(03), 511–511. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-393768/v1
Ugwunna, O. T., & Mohamed, P. E. (2023). Public Health Services: Cost and Quality Tradeoff. ANSU Journal of Arts and Social Sciences (ANSUJASS), 10(1), 32–48.
Vandoros, S, & Stargardt, T. (2013). Reforms in the Greek pharmaceutical market during the financial crisis. Health Policy, 109, 1–6.
Wahidin, D., Akimov, A., & Roca, E. (2021). The impact of bond market development on economic growth before and after the global financial crisis: Evidence from developed and developing countries. International Review of Financial Analysis, 77, 101865.
Vaidean, V. L., Cuceu, I. C., & Florescu, D. R. (2021). The impact of corruption on health outcomes empirical evidence on EU-27. Bulletin of University of agriculture Siences and Veteranary Medecine Cluj-Napoca, 78(2), 156–163.
Wang, C. H., Padmanabhan, P., & Huang, C. H. (2022). The impacts of the 1997 Asian financial crisis and the 2008 global financial crisis on renewable energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for developed and developing countries. Heliyon, 8(2).
Widarni, E. L., & Bawono, S. (2023). Investigating the Role of Education in Stability of Work Participation in Economic Shocks from the Asian Financial Crisis to the Covid 19 Pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(1), 3.
Xie, D., Bai, C., & Zhang, Y. (2023). Relation-based governance, financial crisis shock, and economic growth in China. Economic Modelling, 129, 106565.
Yfantopoulos, J., Chantzaras, A., & Yfantopoulos, P. (2023). The health gap and HRQoL inequalities in Greece before and during the economic crisis. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1138982.
Zavras D., Tsiantou V., Pavi E., et al. (2012). Impact of economic crisis and other demographic and socio-economic factors on self-rated health in Greece. European Journal of Public Health, 23(2), 206–210.
Zilidis, C., Stuckler, D., & McKee, M. (2020). Use of amenable mortality indicators to evaluate the impact of financial crisis on health system performance in Greece. European Journal of Public Health, 30(5), 861–866.
Zikidou, S., & Hadjidema, S. (2020). Household Health Expenditure in Greece and the Impact of Financial Crisis (No. 99388). University Library of Munich, Germany.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i10.5283
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Saleh Alnahdi
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.