An evaluation of a special government’s legal structure for alleviating poverty: Role of local government in North Aceh, Indonesia

Erlan Wijatmoko, Armaidy Armawi, Teuku Faisal Fathani

Article ID: 2630
Vol 8, Issue 2, 2024

VIEWS - 378 (Abstract) 176 (PDF)

Abstract


We examine the role of the North Aceh Government in implementing the Law on the Governing of Aceh (LoGA) as a legal structure in development policy. As a symbol of peace, the LoGA is a reference for accelerating development to alleviate poverty, including North Aceh as a conflict region. However, until now, the area remains the poorest in the province of Aceh. This research used descriptive qualitative methods, evaluating the local government’s performance as policymakers based on the Law by reconstructing policy theory (Easton) and legal system (Friedman). Our findings indicated that the local government needed help implementing LoGA to form development policies to solve poverty. This research suggested the importance of providing legal certainty in the distribution of authority, capacity building, and strengthening of political will for local government conducting its role.


Keywords


legal structure; authority; capacity building; political will; policy-making process

Full Text:

PDF


References


Abdullah MT, Halwatiah S, Susanti G (2017). Actors’ behavior in policy formulation—A case study of woman and child protection policy in Parepare, Indonesia. In: Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, Proceedings of the International Conference on Administrative Science (ICAS 2017). Atlantis Press. pp. 145–148. doi: 10.2991/icas-17.2017.35

Abdurahman A, Dewansyah B (2019). Asymmetric decentralization and peace building: A comparison of Aceh and Northern Ireland. Padjajaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 6(2): 254–275. doi: 10.22304/pjih.v6n2.a3

Aceh Provincial Legal Bureau (2022a). List of Draft Qanun Aceh Directly Derived from Law No. 11 of 2006 on the Government of Aceh (as of June 3, 2022). Aceh Government. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/Ip6f08RvGegVrJj (accessed on 12 August 2023).

Aceh Provincial Legal Bureau (2022b). Report on the progress of the implementation of Aceh regional government law as of June 3, 2022. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/3jQXYBLsef2xGDV (accessed on 12 August 2023).

Alterman R (2013). Planning laws, development controls, and social equity: Lessons for developing countries. In: Cisse H, Menon NRM, Cordonier Segger MC, Nmehielle VO (editors). The World Bank Legal Review, Volume 5: Fostering Development through Opportunity, Inclusion, and Equity. The World Bank. pp. 329–350.

Anderson JE (2003). Public Policymaking: An Introduction, 5th ed. Houghton Mifflin.

Astutik RP, Trisiana A (2020). Formation of Indonesia’s national law system. Jurnal Hukum Prasada 7(2): 85–90. doi: 10.22225/jhp.7.2.2020.85-90

Thariq PA (2019). Kajian Yuridis tentang Kedudukan MoU Helsinki dan Kekhususan dalam UU Pemerintah Aceh. Ius Civile: Refleksi Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan 3(2): 49–57. doi: 10.35308/jic.v3i2.1450

Atkinson CL (2017). Competence in bureaucracy. In: Farazmand A (editor). Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance. Springer. pp. 1–4.

Bappeda Aceh and Kompak (2022). Laporan Perkembangan Dana Otsus Aceh 2008-2021: Aceh Menuju Daerah Model. Available Online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/ySeG6RWMh0iCtNl (accessed on August, 12, 2022).

Bappeda Aceh Utara. (2020). Laporan Evaluasi (tengah periode) Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Kabupaten Aceh Utara 2017-2022. Lhoksukon: Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/HZvqy0VvplYEHEe (accessed on 20 June 2022).

Bappeda Aceh Utara. (2021). Berita Acara Nomor:050/190/2021 tentang Hasil Kesepakatan Musrenbang RKPK Aceh Utara tahun 2022. Badan Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Daerah Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/lNfKRn6PdOJGk2M (accessed on 20 June 2022).

Bayley CL (2014). Public participation. In: Balakrishnan N, Colton T, Everitt B, et al. (editors). Wiley StatsRef: Statistics Reference Online, 1st ed. Wiley.

Bertrand J (2019). Indonesia: “special autonomy” for Aceh and Papua. In: Anderson G, Choudhry S (editors). Territory and Power in Constitutional Transitions, 1st ed. Oxford University Press. pp. 119–139.

Bin Abu Bakar, M (2015). The Politics of National Integration: An Analysis of the Role of Military in the Province of Aceh. Lhokseumawe: Unimal Pers.

Blomkamp E, Sholikin MN, Nursyamsi F, et al. (2017). Understanding Policymaking in Indonesia: In search of a Policy Cycle. Pusat Studi Hukum dan Kebijakan Indonesia. Available online: https://www.pshk.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Understanding-Policy-Making-in-Indonesia-PSHK.pdf (accessed on 15 July 2022).

BPS Aceh. (2022a). Jumlah Penduduk Miskin Kabupaten/Kota di Aceh (ribuan jiwa). Available online: https://aceh.bps.go.id/indicator/23/41/3/jumlah-penduduk-miskin-menurut-kabkota-di-aceh.html (accessed on 14 September, 2022).

BPS Aceh. (2022b). Provinsi Aceh dalam Angka 2022 (Aceh in figures 2022). Available online: https://aceh.bps.go.id/publication/2022/02/25/da6a9c25fb21c5c215819e68/provinsi-aceh-dalam-angka-2022.html (accessed on 14 September 2022).

BPS Aceh Utara. (2022). Aceh Utara dalam Angka 2022 (North Aceh in figures 2022) (Indonesian). Available online: https://acehutarakab.bps.go.id/publication/2022/02/25/1d623ca105a9d09c9dd00f2b/kabupaten-aceh-utara-dalam-angka-2022.html (accessed on 14 August 2023).

BPS Nasional. (2021). Rekapitulasi Data dan Informasi Kemiskinan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Aceh tahun 2003-2021. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/mDXUVLpWYaWiUmm (accessed on July, 21, 2022).

BPS Nasional. (2022). Persentase Penduduk Miskin (P0) Menurut Provinsi dan Daerah 2004-2022 (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/23/621/9/persentase-penduduk-miskin-p0-menurut-kabupaten-kota.html (accessed on 22 September 2022).

Busetto L, Wick W, Gumbinger C (2020). How to use and assess qualitative research methods. Neurological Research and Practice 2(1): 1–10. doi: 10.1186/s42466-020-00059-z

Chen L (2022). The continuity of a legal system. Modern Law Review 86(2): 364–394. doi: 10.1111/1468-2230.12765

Cribb R, Ford M (2009). Indonesia as an archipelago: Managing the islands and managing the seas. In: Indonesia Beyond the Water’s Edge: Managing an Archipelagic State, 1st ed. Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 1–27.

Datta A, Nurbani RI, Satria G, et al. (2008). Policy, Change and Paradox in Indonesia: Implications for the Use of Knowledge. The Knowledge Sector Initiative, Working Paper 29.

Davis K, Trebilcock MJ (1999). What Role Do Legal Institutions Play in Development? International Monetary Fund.

Dewi E, Munawiyah M, Nurzalikha S (2018). Returning government policy for poverty reduction in Aceh. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal 1(4): 40–49. doi: 10.33258/birci.v1i4.89

Dinas PUPR Aceh Utara. (2022a). Dokumen Pelaksanaan Anggaran SKPK Dinas PUPR Aceh Utara Tahun Anggaran 2022. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/jcQvMyloMdEgrZ3 (accessed on 18 July 2022).

Dinas PUPR Aceh Utara. (2022b). Rencana Kerja Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR) Kabupaten Aceh Utara TA 2022. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/yAD9cUURTZFcp2p (accessed on 18 July 2022).

Doocy S, Rofi A, Moodie C, et al. (2007). Tsunami mortality in Aceh province, Indonesia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 85(4): 273–278. doi: 10.2471/blt.06.033308

DPR RI. (1945). Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. Available online: https://www.dpr.go.id/jdih/uu1945 (accessed on 13 June 2022).

DPRK Aceh Utara. (2018). Keputusan DPRK Aceh Utara Nomor 9 tahun 2018 tentang Program Legislasi Kabupaten Aceh Utara tahun 2019. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/TpQQxhlU4PexR6M (accessed on 21 August 2022).

DPRK Aceh Utara. (2019). Keputusan DPRK Aceh Utara Nomor 8 tahun 2019 tentang Program Legislasi Kabupaten Aceh Utara tahun 2020. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/G9qP6xnkbtljJNh (accessed on 21 August 2022).

DPRK Aceh Utara. (2020). Keputusan DPRK Aceh Utara Nomor 5 tahun 2020 tentang Program Legislasi Kabupaten Aceh Utara tahun 2021. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/KLjN7bCIs3GEIoe (accessed on 21 August 2022).

Easton D (1965). A Systems Analysis of Political Life. Jon Willey & Son.

Effendi O (2022). Weak opposition party voice behind the voting system in parliamentary decision making (Indonesian). Politea: Jurnal Politik Islam 5(1): 55–63. doi: 10.20414/politea.v5i1.4466

Fink JW (2016). Law, Politics, and the Creation of Public Policy: How the Two Can Come Together and Create Better Public Policy [Master’s thesis]. Iowa State University.

Finnemore M, Jurkovich M (2020). The politics of aspiration. International Studies Quarterly 64(4): 759–769. doi: 10.1093/isq/sqaa052

Firman T (2004). Demographic and spatial patterns of Indonesia’s recent urbanisation. Population, Space and Place 10(6): 421–434. doi: 10.1002/psp.339

Fisher J, Rucki K (2017). Re-conceptualizing the science of sustainability: A dynamical systems approach to understanding the nexus of conflict, development and the environment. Sustainable Development 25(4): 267–275. doi: 10.1002/sd.1656

Foldvary FE (2011). Political autonomy. In: Chatterjee DK (editor). Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 1st ed. Springer. pp. 853–854.

Friedman L (1987). The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. (third). Russell Sage Foundation.

Fujikawa K (2021). Settling with autonomy after Civil Wars: Lessons from Aceh, Indonesia. Global Policy 12(2): 204–213. doi: 10.1111/1758-5899.12949

Hamzah H, Narang A, Yusari A (2021). Legal systems in Indonesia: Overview. Available online: http://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/w-010-7310?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default)&firstPage=true (accessed on 26 November 2022).

Handayani IGAKR (2012). The influence of structure, substance, and culture to the forest law enforcement in Indonesia. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law 1(1): 104–107.

Hariri A (2020). Legal reconstruction of local government supervision toward good local governance. In: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Proceedings of the 1st Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities, Economics and Social Sciences (BIS-HESS 2019). Atlantis Press. pp. 71–74.

Henry AD, Lubell M, McCoy M (2011). Belief systems and social capital as drivers of policy network structure: The case of California regional planning. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 21(3): 419–444. doi: 10.1093/jopart/muq042

Hidayat, D. (2020). Perencanaan Buruk, Proyek Infrastruktur Terbengkalai disebut Pemicu Kemiskinan di Aceh Utara. Analisa Aceh. Available online: https://analisaaceh.com/perencanaan-buruk-proyek-infrastruktur-terbengkalai-disebut-pemicu-kemiskinan-di-aceh-utara/ (accessed on August, 16, 2023).

Hkikmat MM (2021). Regional legislative’s political communication under supervision of COVID-19 pandemic control program in West Java Province, Indonesia. Croatian International Relations Review 27(88): 150–167. doi: 10.2478/CIRR-2021-0017

Ikramatoun S, Nusuary FM, Amin K (2018). GAM and social transformation; from a rebellion into a political movement. In: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Proceedings of the 1st Aceh Global Conference (AGC 2018). Atlantis Press. pp. 219–224.

Indarti DM, Herlina M, Aminah S, et al. (2020). The high political costs in local head election (Case study in Indonesia). European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine 7(11): 653–682.

Ippoliti R, Tria G (2020). Efficiency of judicial systems: Model definition and output estimation. Journal of Applied Economics 23(1): 385–408. doi: 10.1080/15140326.2020.1776977

Jaffarudin, (2019). Bendungan Krueng Pase di Kecamatan Meurah Mulia Aceh Utara Terbengkalai. Tribun News. Available online: https://aceh.tribunnews.com/2019/11/06/bendungan-krueng-pase-di-kecamatan-meurah-mulia-aceh-utara-terbengkalai (accessed on July, 19, 2023).

Januar E, Marziah A (2019). Challenges for the Aceh Government in implementing the law on the government of Aceh (Indonesian). Al-Ijtima’i: International Journal of Government and Social Science 4(2): 195–212. doi: 10.22373/jai.v4i2.457

Justino P (2011). Poverty and violent conflict: A micro-level perspective on the causes and duration of warfare. Institute of Development Studies: Working Papers 2011(385): 1–25. doi: 10.1111/j.2040-0209.2011.00385_2.x

Karnik AV (2000). Why Do Governments Lack Political Will? An Explanation from the Transaction-Costs Perspective. Department of Economics, University of Mumbai.

Kemenkumham RI. (2006). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintah Aceh. Available online: https://jdih.acehprov.go.id/dih/detail/62c5b1ef-46ed-4c80-ba99-bbd948c2390d (accessed on Jully, 14, 2023).

Kemenkumham RI. (2011). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Available online: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/39188/uu-no-12-tahun-2011 (accessed on 24 July 2023).

Kemenkumham RI. (2011). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah. Available online: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/38685/uu-no-23-tahun-2014 (accessed on 21 June 2023).

Kemenpan RB RI. (2010). Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor 13 tahun 2020 tentang Petunjuk Pelaksanaan Evaluasi Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah. Available online: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/132897/permen-pan-rb-no-13-tahun-2010 (accessed on July, 21, 2023).

KIP Aceh Utara. (2006). Rekapitulasi Perolehan Suara Pilkada Bupati-Wakil Bupati Aceh Utara 2006. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1naq5KgsskjT_p7I_KM2OqtLPimKPz_uA/view (accessed on 19 July 2022).

KIP Aceh Utara. (2009). Rekapitulasi Perolehan dan Penetapan Suara Anggota DPRD Kab Aceh Utara 2009. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xsql17hNtojiPooGWownfATgCfq9I1sA/view (accessed on 19 July 2022).

KIP Aceh Utara. (2012). Rekapitulasi Perolehan Suara Pilkada Bupati-Wakil Bupati Aceh Utara 2012. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DBH1Ypos3vGKcmPnCArQHZlTr4LMbr7r/view (accessed on 19 July 2022).

KIP Aceh Utara. (2014). Keputusan KIP Aceh Utara Nomor 180 tahun 2014 tentang Penetapan Perolehan Kursi Parpol PEserta Pemilihan Anggota DPRK Aceh Utara 2014. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data-kabko/acehutara/data_kepkpud/KPT%20180%20TAHUN%202014.pdf (accessed on 19 July 2022).

KIP Aceh Utara. (2017). Rekapitulasi Perolehan Suara Pilkada Bupati-Wakil Bupati Aceh Utara 2017. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1w1TWO8Cmg_Ax8vvLb3uPHk7alXvIBO5q/view (accessed on 19 July 2022).

KIP Aceh Utara (2019). Keputusan KIP Aceh Utara Nomor 173/HK.04.1-Kpt/1108/KIP-KAB/VII/2019 tentang Penetapan Perolehan Kursi Parpol Peserta Pemilihan Anggota DPRK Aceh Utara 2019. Komisi Independen Pemilu Aceh Utara. Available online: https://jdih.kpu.go.id/data-kabko/acehutara/data_kepkpud/KPT%20173%20THN%202019.pdf (accessed on 19 July 2022).

Krishnamohan T (2016). The local government system in Indonesia and Sri Lanka: A comparative overview. International Journal in Commerce, IT & Social Sciences-IJCISS 3(12): 8–22.

Kumar D (2014). Role of opposition in a parliamentary democracy. The Indian Journal of Political Science 75(1): 165–170.

Lele G (2019). Asymmetric decentralization and the problem of governance: The case of Indonesia. Asian Politics & Policy 11(4): 544–565. doi: 10.1111/aspp.12493

Lele G (2021). Asymmetric decentralization, accommodation and separatist conflict: Lessons from Aceh and Papua, Indonesia. Territory, Politics, Governance 11(5): 972–990. doi: 10.1080/21622671.2021.1875036

Liu J, Zhang D, Cai J, Davenport J (2021). Legal systems, national governance and renewable energy investment: Evidence from around the world. British Journal of Management 32(3): 579–610. doi: 10.1111/1467-8551.12377

Mandey M (2016). Implementation of the roles and functions of DPRD in order to realize good governance (Indonesian). Lex Administratum 4(2): 178–188.

Maricut‐Akbik A (2021). Q&A in legislative oversight: A framework for analysis. European Journal of Political Research 60(3): 539–559. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12411

Martin B (1998). Information liberation: Challenging the corruptions of information power. Freedom Press.

Mima I, Yamkovyi V, Kopaygora I, Ivaniuk N (2020). Legal policy: The latest dimensions of development. In: Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, Proceedings of the III International Scientific Congress Society of Ambient Intelligence 2020 (ISC-SAI 2020). Atlantis Press. pp. 47–55.

Mustari N (2015). Understanding Public Policy Formulation, Implementation, and Evaluation of Public Policy (Indonesian). Leutika Prio.

Nugroho R (2017). Public Policy, 6th ed. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo.

Okunlola OC, Okafor IG (2022). Conflict-poverty relationship in Africa: A disaggregated approach. Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 34(1): 104–129. doi: 10.1177/0260107920935726

Page EC, Wouters L (1994). Bureaucratic politics and political leadership in Brussel. Public Administration 72(3): 445–459. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9299.1994.tb01022.x

Parsons BM (2020). The effects of risk, beliefs, and trust in education policy networks: The case of autism and special education. Policy Studies Journal 48(1): 38–63. doi: 10.1111/psj.12246

Patel, G., & Annapoorna, M.S. (2019). Public Education Expenditure and Its Impact on Human Resource Development in India: An Empirical Analysis. South Asian Journal of Human Resources Management 6(1): 97-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2322093718813407

Patton CV, Sawicki DS, Clark JJ (2013). Basic Methods of Policy Analysis and Planning, 3rd ed. Routledge.

Pimpinan DPRK Aceh Utara. (2019). Peraturan DPRK Aceh Utara Nomor 1 tahun 2019 tentang Tata Tertib DPRK tahun 2019-2024. Available online: https://jdihn.go.id/search/all-categories/detail/1178606 (Accessed on Jully, 23, 2023).

Post LA, Raile ANW, Raile ED (2010). Defining political will. Politics & Policy 38(4): 653–676. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-1346.2010.00253.x

Pramusinto A (2016). Weak central authority and fragmented bureaucracy: A study of policy implementation in Indonesia. In: The Role of the Public Bureaucracy in Policy Implementation in Five ASEAN Countries, 1st ed. Cambridge University Press.

Prang AJ (2020). Aceh's asymmetric decentralization: The Context of Consultation and Deliberation Between the Governor and the Aceh People’s Representative Council (DPRA). (Indonesian), 1st ed. Bandar Publishing.

Raja UC. (2022). Nasib Pedagang Pasar Kota Krueng Geukeuh Sangat Menyedihkan. Portal Aceh. Available online: https://portalaceh.inews.id/read/140211/nasib-pedagang-pasar-kota-krueng-geukueh-sangat-menyedihkan (accessed on 27 September 2023).

Ratnawati Aburaera S, Karim MS, Paserangi H (2017). Law enforcement in Indonesia: A review from legal apparatus roles. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization 58: 57–64.

Rhodes RAW (2018). Control and Power in Central-Local Government Relations, 2nd ed. Routledge.

Salahudin S, Nurmandi A, Loilatu MJ (2020). How to design qualitative research with NVivo 12 plus for local government corruption issues in Indonesia? Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan 11(3): 370–398. doi: 10.18196/jgp.113124

Sari MMK, Satmoko A (2022). Government disaster policy: Dealing between political will and political demands. In: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Arts and Humanities 2021 (IJCAH 2021). Atlantis Press. pp. 607–611.

Seeberg HB (2022). The power of the loser: Evidence on an agenda‐setting model of opposition policy influence. European Journal of Political Research 62(2): 463–485. doi: 10.1111/1475-6765.12514

Seidman RB (1975). Law and development: The interface between policy and implementation. The Journal of Modern African Studies 13(4): 641–652.

Set DPRK Aceh Utara. (2022). Rekapitulasi Public Hearing (Rapat Dengan Pendapat Umum/RDPU) Raqan DPRK Aceh Utara 2019-2021. Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/8I1T31QVgeYxZi4 (accessed on 12 Septemeber 2022).

Setda Aceh Utara (2016). Qanun Aceh Utara Nomor 6 tahun 2016 tentang Pembentukan dan Susunan Perangkat Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://jdih.acehutara.go.id/dih/detail/c0930a6f-755f-43c4-a11f-333858fadcae (accessed on 11 June 2022).

Setda Aceh Utara. (2018). Qanun Aceh Utara Nomor 5 tahun 2018 tentang Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Kabupaten Aceh Utara 2017-2022. Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/nDLQ0X8hkGsC2b5 (accessed on 11 August 2022).

Setda Aceh Utara (2021). Peraturan Bupati Aceh Utara Nomor 27 tahun 2021 tentang Rencana Kerja Pemerintah Daerah tahun 2022. Pemerintah Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Available online: https://simpan.ugm.ac.id/s/e0QEX2U85w8rgI2 (accessed on 11 August 2022).

Setda Provinsi Aceh. (2011). Qanun Aceh Nomor 5 tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Qanun. Pemerintah Aceh. Available online: https://jdih.acehprov.go.id/dih/detail/45c0f4b8-0a7f-41d5-af22-7283820984f3 (accessed on 11 July 2022).

Setiawan D, Ulfa K, Purwaningsih T (2020). Poor Aceh: The impact of special autonomy as effort poverty reduction in Aceh. DiA: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi Publik 18(2): 1–14. doi: 10.30996/dia.v18i2.3654

Setiawan H (2022). The paradox of plenty challenges in regional development in Aceh after two decades of special autonomy. Bestuurskunde: Journal of Governmental Studies 2(1): 1–16. doi: 10.53013/bestuurskunde.2.1.1-16

Setneg RI. (1999). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 44 tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Keistimewaan Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Aceh. Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. Available online: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/45380 (accessed on 11 June 2022).

Singh PK, Chudasama H (2020). Evaluating poverty alleviation strategies in a developing country. Public LIbrary of Science One 15(1): 1–23. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227176

Strøm K (1997). Rules, reasons and routines: Legislative roles in parliamentary democracies. The Journal of Legislative Studies 3(1): 155–174. doi: 10.1080/13572339708420504

Sugiyarto (2016). Corruption of loan funds, former north Aceh regent charged with 8 years in prison (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.tribunnews.com/regional/2016/01/05/korupsi-dana-pinjaman-mantan-bupati-aceh-utara-dituntut-8-tahun-penjara (accessed on 27 August 2022).

Sugiyono (2013). Quantitative, Qualitative and R&D Research Methodologies (Indonesian), 19th ed. Alfabeta.

Susanto M (2019). The legislative role in the budgeting process in Indonesia. Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan 9(2): 163–180. doi: 10.22212/jnh.v9i2.954

Suwanda D (2020). Decentralization of fiscal asymmetric for community well-being: Evidence from Aceh province, Indonesia. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 12(6): 2868–2881. doi: 10.5373/JARDCS/V12I6/S20201249

Syahbandir M, Rahman A, Hasan E (2021). Bridging Aceh’s disaster risk reduction strategies within the 2005 Aceh Peace Agreement (Helsinki MoU) Agendas. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 630(1): 012031. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/630/1/012031

Tello MD (2011). From national to local economic development: Theoretical issues. CEPAL Review 2010(102): 49–65. doi: 10.18356/bf5d1be2-en

Todaro MP, Smith SC (2012). Economic Development, 11th ed. Addison-Wesley.

Triningsih A, Agustine OV (2018). Community participation as a constitutional awareness of democracy development in digital era. In: Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies (ICILS 2018). Atlantis Press. pp. 255–259.

Tusemererwa L (2020). Can Administrative Autonomy Be Enough?: Experiences of Administrative Autonomy as a Political and Administrative Asset in a Swedish Municipality [Master’s thesis]. Lund University.

Weible CM (2005). Beliefs and perceived influence in a natural resource conflict: An advocacy coalition approach to policy networks. Political Research Quarterly 58(3): 461–475. doi: 10.2307/3595615

Weible CM, Sabatier PA (2005). Comparing Policy networks: Marine protected areas in California. Policy Studies Journal 33(2): 181–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2005.00101.x

Wijatmoko E, Armawi A, Fathani TF (2023). Legal effectiveness in promoting development policies: A case study of north Aceh Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(11). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21280

World Population Review (2022). Indonesia population 2022 (Live). Available online: https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/indonesia-population (accessed on 28 November 2022).

Zulfahmi (2017). The role of the Executive and Legislative Institutions in implementing the Aceh Government Law (Indonesian). Journal of Islamic Thought and Muslim Culture 2(1): 19–47.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i2.2630

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Erlan Wijatmoko, Armaidy Armawi, Teuku Faisal Fathani

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.