Business Administration and Management(TRANSFERRED)

Abstract Business administration is a national macro-control mechanism formed in recent years with the deepening of economic development. With the deepening of the development of economic globalization, China's has more and more frequent economic market exchanges in various fields with international market. Although China's economic development has brought a very considerable development prospects, but also face challenges of all aspects. In order to further improve the functions of business administration, stabilize the social development situation, strengthen its economic role and promote the sustained and healthy development of the social market economy, the Chinese government has improved the relevant laws and regulations and improved the authority of the business administration. Not only the development of targeted laws and regulations, but also a reasonable use of the benefits of business administration. At the same time, the basic institutions responsible for industrial and commercial management in China should also improve the relevant management facilities resources. Business management is an important means and means of government macro-control, the development of the national economy has played a huge role in promoting, it is also adapted to the current economic and social development of a discipline, advanced management concepts and internal settings have become a solid economic development backing. This article will analyze the characteristics, development history and basic functions of the business administration, and on this basis, talk about their understanding of how business management can promote economic development.  

Abstract The economic crisis has tested the core competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, but the crisis is the challenge and the opportunity. Responding to the economic crisis, enterprises in China should rethink the choice of strategy and build the core competitive advantage. The economic crisis is the test of the competitiveness of enterprises, to survive and develop in the economic crisis must be the core competitiveness of enterprises. The core competitiveness of enterprises is the main factor for the survival and development of enterprises, how to make enterprises continue to be invincible in the key. A successful business must have its core competencies, which need to be developed, nurtured, constantly consolidated and updated, because even if the establishment of the core competitiveness, there may be disintegrated. How to maintain the competitiveness of enterprises has become an important issue in business management. Enterprise core competitiveness is the enterprise through its organizational capital and social capital of the organic combination and play, and can effectively access, coordination and configuration of various resources and technology integration advantages. That is, enterprises in the industry itself have a dominant position in the resources and capabilities. Based on the current situation of the core competitiveness of enterprises, this paper analyzes the reasons for the lack of core competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, and tries to explore a way to improve the core competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, and take some enterprises in Xuzhou as an example.

Abstract With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, taxi plays an increasingly important role in urban traffic, but with the complexity of taxi problem and the limitation of government management mode, the taxi industry problem gradually exposed, affecting its own should have the function and value. Based on the current organizational decision - making and management model, this paper expounds the current situation of the urban taxi model and tries to analyze the drawbacks of the existing models from the perspective of different disciplines, and puts forward the scientific and rational reform plan on the basis of theoretical analysis. To achieve the city government on the city taxi management organization model reasonable construction.

Abstract The fern classification has undergone a series of improvements. At present, China is mainly used by Professor Qin Renchang in 1978. However, from the point of view of plant gametophyte, this classification system needs to be improved.

Abstract Institutional innovation refers to the dynamic process of generating, denying, abandoning or changing the old system (or the old institutional structure) of the new system (or the new institutional structure). Specifically, the private small and medium enterprise system innovation is 'the enterprise as the main body, in order to better realize the function of the enterprise system, in the income and cost evaluation on the basis of the system supply within the scope of the design of the new enterprise system process.' Institutional innovation mainly covers the aspects of enterprise property relations, governance structure, distribution financing, operation mechanism, management mode and other aspects of innovation, and other innovations and other innovations are both common and personality and significant features. First of all, the system innovation of private small and medium-sized enterprises is the prerequisite of a series of innovative activities such as product innovation, technological innovation and market innovation. It is an important system guarantee of active innovation and continuous innovation. Secondly, the enterprise system should be developed with the development of productive forces and market economy And the continuous improvement, we must adapt to the needs of economic globalization, innovation; In addition, the system’s innovation involves different levels within the enterprise mechanism changes, but also related to external financial system reform, social security system reform, government reform and other external system Change, we must proceed from the system point of view, pay attention to the external system innovation and internal system innovation to coordinate the operation, to promote their interaction.

Abstract Risk is one of the most important factors in making desired profitable investment decisions. It is the main reason that why numerous financial researchers have interested in risk assessment, from the past to the present. The literature of risk measurement approaches for financial decision making has dramatically expanded since the early work of Markowitz. Konno, Cai and Teo risk assessment approaches are the most well-known and widely-used methods, developed based on the basic concepts of the Markowitz model. Although, all of these approaches have unlike advantages for measuring the risk and making profitable investment decisions, none of them are not universal method, which can be applied in all circumstances with desired performance. On the other hand, each of these methods may yield higher or lower performance rates than other those methods in various situations and different data sets. In this regard, and due to the lack of suitable research in order to compare risk measurement methods, the aim of this paper is to evaluate four aforementioned Markowitz-based risk measurement methods in different investment decision making situations. Empirical results of using these methods in stock market indicate that Markowitz, Konno, Cai and Teo techniques can achieve, %-6.77, %-6.49, %2.85 and %-6.89 rate of return, respectively. Therefore, the Cai technique may be more appropriate risk measurement approach among aforementioned methods for making investment decisions in stock markets.