Impacts of atmospheric air pollution on the cities of the Navoi region

Abstract

The president of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoev, in his address to the Oliy Majlis in 2021, said that, we must pay more attention to environmental protection and improvement of the ecological situation. They emphasized that it is necessary to improve the system of ecological control of the production process and to develop a comprehensive program of measures designed until 2025 to prevent the impact of industrial development on the environment. The rapid growth of cities, the intensification of urbanization processes that lead to all socio‐ecological consequences, and the accumulation of large sources of anthropogenic impact on the surrounding area make cities the main object of study. The relevance and social importance of the study of the urban environment contribute to the involvement of many scientific disciplines in the development of their research concepts and directions for the optimization of the living environment of urban residents. The diversity of research calls for the synthesis of ecological knowledge about the city. Economic and social geography is a science capable of realizing the potential of integration in the study of such a complex object. The city should operate in the environment of the area with ecological balance, which ensures the sustainable and harmonious development of the area and the city. The reproduction of the main components of the natural environment and preservation of the diversity of geosystems can be achieved by harmoniously incorporating them into the regional natural ecological system, taking into account the natural and socio‐economic characteristics of the city. In general, much work has been done in economic and social geography in the study of the city and its surrounding areas. In the course of the development of agglomerations, the study of the interaction between the city and the region, migration and labour flows is of great practical importance and has helped to solve many important national economic and socio‐economic problems. In economic and social geography, many works in the ecological direction are devoted to the impact of cities on the environment, the impact on environmental components, the organization of the territory, etc. However, the reverse chain of the “territory‐urban environment‐city” relationship has hardly been analyzed in research. The choice of the territory of the Navoi region is symbolic because the region has a large industrial potential and is distinguished by highly intensive agriculture. Various problems in the area can be summarized in 3 blocks: improvement of economic activity, improvement of territorial structure and urban planning structure, protection and optimization of environmental quality. The most important criterion that reflects the range of negative effects of the quality of the environment is the health of the population. However, caution should be exercised when interpreting these indicators and using them in conjunction with other criteria. This article describes some of the results and conclusions of the research conducted on the indicators of atmospheric air pollution in the cities of the Navoi region and their negative consequences.