In order to effectively reduce the workload of primary and secondary school students and the burden of off-campus training, and promote the effective improvement of the teaching and education level of schools at all levels and types, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Opinions on Students' Homework Burden and Off-campus Training Burden" (referred to as "double reduction"). Students' homework practice is a supplement and continuation of classroom teaching, which can consolidate and promote the quality of students' learning. This paper analyzes some problems in the design of primary school Chinese homework from three aspects, such as homework volume, homework type, and homework arrangement, and puts forward corresponding strategies for the optimization path of primary school Chinese homework design under the background of "double reduction".