Seasonal variation in anther response and the effect of Nitrogen stresses on in vitro anther culture of indica rice
Vol 1, Issue 1, 2018
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Abstract
The effect of rice growing season on the in vitro anther response of indica rice was investigated. Mean callus induction frequencies in six indica rice varieties during four growing seasons; yala 2012, maha 2012/13, maha 2013/14 and yala 2014 revealed that in vitro anther response can be improved up to five fold in some varieties (17.6%) when the donor plants are grown in the yala season compared to the maha season (p≤0.05). Analysis of climatic parameters (temperature, sun shine hours and rain fall) during the two growing seasons indicated that anther donor plants grown under stressful environmental conditions of the yala season produced a better in vitro anther response than plants grown under better environmental conditions in maha. Further, stressing anther donor plants by suppressing nitrogen fertilizer resulted in significant improvement in the anther response (p≤0.05). That is, plants stressed with half the recommended doses of nitrogen fertilizer produced a markedly enhanced anther response (10.38%) compared to the control (2.88%). The effect of nitrogen starvation on excised anthers was examined by suppressing different forms of nitrogen from the callus induction medium. Improved callus induction frequency (10.40%) could be observed when the anthers were cultured on standard N6 medium with complete withdrawal of (NH4)2SO4 compared to the control (3.10%) (p<0.05). Starvation of anthers with half the concentration of NH4+ in the medium also responded better than the control (5.44%). Therefore, inorganic nitrogen stress applied on-field and in vitro can be used as effective approaches for substantial enhancement of indica rice anther response.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/ajb.v1i1.590
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